Supplier to the EU
Saudi Arabia
In June 2026, Saudi Arabia supplied 2,276 kt of crude oil to EU countries (6.1% of EU crude imports), mainly to Poland, Italy and Lithuania.
In June 2026, Saudi Arabia supplied 1,056 kt of refined products to EU countries (5.5% of EU imports of the seven refined-product families we track), mainly to France, Italy and Romania.
Crude oil to EU countries
CalculatedThousand tonnes a month, by the EU country that reported the import.
- Poland
- Italy
- Lithuania
- Spain
- Greece
- Germany
- Other EU countries
Source & method
- Source
- Eurostat (European Commission) — Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly data
- Period
- Monthly, August 2023 to June 2026; latest month every EU member state has reported: June 2026
- Method
- How this figure is made
- Download
- Download CSV
- Dataset code
- nrg_ti_oilmLicence: Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Updated
- 26 September 2026
- Confidence
- Official: reported by the statistical authority.
Basis: energy statistics. All volumes are on the energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports its imports to Eurostat (dataset nrg_ti_oilm). "EU imports" is the sum of what the member states reported importing from everywhere, including from each other and the part they did not attribute to any country.
July 2026 is not used yet: only 7 of 27 member states have reported their crude oil imports for it.
- Volumes are what EU member states reported importing, by the country where the oil was produced (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm, energy basis). They are not the partner's own export statistics, and a member state that did not list the partner has not reported a zero.
- "EU imports" is the sum of the 27 member states' reported imports, including imports from each other; it is not the EU's external trade.
Refined products to EU countries
CalculatedThe largest were road diesel (851 kt), jet fuel (126 kt) and naphtha (53 kt).
Thousand tonnes a month, by product.
- Road diesel
- Jet fuel
- Naphtha
- Heating and other gasoil
- Petrol
- Fuel oil
| Product | Volume to EU | Share of EU imports of it |
|---|---|---|
| Road diesel | 851 kt | 13.0% |
| Jet fuel | 126 kt | 4.7% |
| Naphtha | 53 kt | 2.4% |
| Heating and other gasoil | 18 kt | 2.0% |
| Petrol | 7.2 kt | 0.3% |
| Fuel oil | not reported | not reported |
| LPG | not reported | not reported |
Source & method
- Source
- Eurostat (European Commission) — Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly data
- Period
- Monthly, August 2023 to June 2026; latest month every EU member state has reported: June 2026
- Method
- How this figure is made
- Download
- Download CSV
- Dataset code
- nrg_ti_oilmLicence: Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Updated
- 26 September 2026
- Confidence
- Official: reported by the statistical authority.
Basis: energy statistics. All volumes are on the energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports its imports to Eurostat (dataset nrg_ti_oilm). "EU imports" is the sum of what the member states reported importing from everywhere, including from each other and the part they did not attribute to any country.
July 2026 is not used yet: only 7 of 27 member states have reported their refined product imports for it.
Seven product families are tracked; bitumen, lubricants and other products are not loaded.
- Volumes are what EU member states reported importing, by the country where the oil was produced (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm, energy basis). They are not the partner's own export statistics, and a member state that did not list the partner has not reported a zero.
- "EU imports" is the sum of the 27 member states' reported imports, including imports from each other; it is not the EU's external trade.
- Refined products cover seven families (LPG, naphtha, petrol, jet fuel, road diesel, heating and other gasoil, fuel oil). Other products such as bitumen and lubricants are not loaded.
Saudi Arabia's crude inside EU fuel
EstimatedBy our estimate, crude from Saudi Arabia is most present in the road diesel of Lithuania (32%), Latvia (29%) and Poland (26%), as a share of the crude behind each country's road diesel in June 2026. This is an estimate built from trade and refinery statistics, not a reported figure.
Share: the estimated share of the crude behind each EU country’s fuel that came from Saudi Arabia. All bars share one scale. Untraceable: the share of that country’s fuel whose crude cannot be traced to any origin.
Source & method
- Source
- Eurostat — Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)
- Period
- June 2026
- Method
- How this figure is made
- Dataset code
- nrg_ti_oilmLicence: Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Updated
- 26 September 2026
- Confidence
- Medium.
Estimated with the fuel-chain look-through: exports are assumed to leave in proportion to supply, and each country’s refineries are assumed to run on its crude-import mix. Method version 1.5. Calculation lookthrough_v1 (1.5).
No CSV for this section: it is our estimate, served by the API with its method.
- "Inside EU fuel" is an estimate (one-level look-through, docs/HORMUZ_METHOD.md section 8), not a reported figure.
Strait of Hormuz route
CalculatedCrude oil
Share through Hormuz: Up to 82% · Both routes; split not known
Saudi Arabia loads crude oil both inside the Persian Gulf and outside it, and no cited source gives the split between them. The share that passes through the Strait of Hormuz is therefore only known as a range, up to 82%; the split is unknown and we give no midpoint.
Refined products
Share through Hormuz: Up to 100% · Both routes; split not known
Saudi Arabia loads refined products both inside the Persian Gulf and outside it, and no cited source gives the split between them. The share that passes through the Strait of Hormuz is therefore only known as a range, up to 100%; the split is unknown and we give no midpoint.
Export points held for Saudi Arabia (8)
| Export point | Water body | Carries | Route |
|---|---|---|---|
| Duba Bulk Plant Terminal | Red Sea | products | Outside the Gulf: no Hormuz transit |
| Jazan Bulk Plant Terminal | Red Sea | products | Outside the Gulf: no Hormuz transit |
| Jeddah Terminal | Red Sea | products | Outside the Gulf: no Hormuz transit |
| Yanbu marine terminals (outlet of the East-West / Petroline crude pipeline) | Red Sea | crude and products | Outside the Gulf: no Hormuz transit |
| Juaymah Crude SPM Terminal (Port of Ras Tanura) | Persian Gulf | crude | Inside the Gulf: must pass Hormuz |
| Juaymah LPG Terminal (Port of Ras Tanura) | Persian Gulf | products | Inside the Gulf: must pass Hormuz |
| King Fahd Industrial Port, Jubail (Petrochemical and Petroleum Products Terminal; SATORP export outlet) | not recorded | products | Inside the Gulf: must pass Hormuz |
| Ras Tanura (North Pier and Sea Island terminals) | Persian Gulf | crude and products | Inside the Gulf: must pass Hormuz |
Source & method
- Source
- EIA, IEA and terminal operators (cited per row) — Fuel Origin Hormuz route classification and country bounds, methodology v1.0 (data/reference/hormuz_route_classification_v1.csv, hormuz_country_summary_v1.csv)
- Method
- How this figure is made
- Dataset code
- hormuz_v1Licence: Per-row: each row names the public page establishing the geography.
- Updated
- 23 September 2026
- Confidence
- Low. Where a country loads on both sides of the Strait, the split is not published, so only a range is given.
Crude oil: CITED OBSERVED SHARE (upper bound only). EIA: the proportion of Saudi seaborne exports loading at Yanbu on the Red Sea 'reached a record 18% in the second quarter of 2024', so at most 82% of seaborne exports required Hormuz in that quarter. This is an observed quarterly share, NOT a capacity share, and it is an upper bound only: no opened source bounds the minimum, so min is left at 0. Capacity anchors that could not be turned into a defensible share for lack of a cited denominator: East-West (Petroline) design capacity 5 million b/d, temporarily expandable to 7 million b/d; Saudi Arabia shipped 42% (6.2 million b/d) of all crude transiting Hormuz in 2023. Cited: eia.gov, iea.org. Method version 1.0.
Refined products: UNKNOWN: no cited product-terminal split. Export points cited as loading refined products fall on both sides of the strait - inside the Gulf: Ras Tanura (North Pier and Sea Island terminals); Juaymah LPG Terminal (Port of Ras Tanura); King Fahd Industrial Port, Jubail (Petrochemical and Petroleum Products Terminal; SATORP export outlet); outside: Yanbu marine terminals (outlet of the East-West / Petroline crude pipeline); Jazan Bulk Plant Terminal; Jeddah Terminal; Duba Bulk Plant Terminal. No opened source gives the volume split between them, so the bound is the uninformative [0, 1]. The crude bound for this country is NOT carried over: docs/HORMUZ_METHOD.md D2 states that a product's origin is where it was refined and loaded, which is a different set of terminals from the crude ones. Citation caveat: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Fahd_Industrial_Port_(Jubail) is a tertiary (wiki/OSM) source inherited from the classification row for that terminal; it establishes the terminal's location only, and the route class does not rest on it alone. Cited: en.wikipedia.org, saudipedia.com, aramco.com, eia.gov, eia.gov, iea.org, satorp.com. Method version 1.0.
- Duba Bulk Plant Terminal: aramco.com
- Jazan Bulk Plant Terminal: aramco.com
- Jeddah Terminal: aramco.com
- Yanbu marine terminals (outlet of the East-West / Petroline crude pipeline): eia.gov, aramco.com, iea.org
- Juaymah Crude SPM Terminal (Port of Ras Tanura): aramco.com, eia.gov
- Juaymah LPG Terminal (Port of Ras Tanura): aramco.com, eia.gov
- King Fahd Industrial Port, Jubail (Petrochemical and Petroleum Products Terminal; SATORP export outlet): saudipedia.com, satorp.com, eia.gov, en.wikipedia.org
- Ras Tanura (North Pier and Sea Island terminals): aramco.com, eia.gov
No CSV for this section: the route classes are cited reference data.
- The Hormuz route describes where the partner loads oil, from cited reference data. Where it loads both inside and outside the Persian Gulf, the split is unknown and only a range is given.