Fuel Origin

Events / Tax change

Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022

Dates
2022-06-01 → 2022-08-31
Dated to
the day
Status
Ended
Scope
Germany

What the sources said

Energiesteuersenkungsgesetz (Gesetz zur Aenderung des Energiesteuerrechts zur temporaeren Absenkung der Energiesteuer fuer Kraftstoffe) of 24 May 2022, BGBl. I 2022 p. 810. The Bundestag record of 19 May 2022 states the reduction ran from 1 June to 31 August 2022 and cut the energy-tax rate by 29.55 ct/litre on Benzin and by 14.04 ct/litre on Dieselkraftstoff. The same change is present in the primary tax series this project already holds: the tax rates taken from the European Commission Weekly Oil Bulletin duties and taxes file record German excise on Euro-super 95 petrol at 0.6545 EUR/litre before, 0.3590 EUR/litre effective 2022-06-01 and 0.6545 EUR/litre again effective 2022-08-31, and on diesel at 0.4704, then 0.3300, then 0.4704 EUR/litre on the same dates. The two records agree to the cent. This row is a timeline marker only; it makes no statement about how the change reached pump prices.

IEA, EIA, European Commission, European Council and national legislators (cited per row)Official
Retrieved 2026-09-25 14:07 UTCRevision 2
Source documents (3)
CountryCountryGermanyFranceNetherlandsPolandFinlandEstoniaAustriaBelgiumBulgariaCroatiaCyprusCzechiaDenmarkGreeceHungaryIrelandItalyLatviaLithuaniaLuxembourgMaltaPortugalRomaniaSlovakiaSloveniaSpainSweden
FuelFuelDiesel (automotive gas oil)Petrol (Euro-super 95)Both fuels

Choosing a fuel keeps that fuel's series and the channels shared by every fuel - the crude benchmark, FX, crude imports and Hormuz exposure. It drops only the other fuel's series.

The event window

What each series was worth from -30 to 90 days around the event date, how far that is from the same series' level at the event date, and how big that move is against the series' own normal variation.

France, Petrol (Euro-super 95). 15 series can be drawn; 4 cannot be seen at all and are shown as labelled empty panels below.

169 published readings, 26 offsets with nothing published within one period, and 52 offsets on series we cannot see at all. Every one of them is on this page.

Europe Brent spot FOB

Unit: $ per barrelPublished: dailyCalculatedOfficial
T0−30T0+30+60+90132.895.82022-04-29: 108.4 $ per barrel, used for offsets −302022-05-18: 110.0 $ per barrel, used for offsets −142022-05-25: 116.4 $ per barrel, used for offsets −72022-05-27: 121.2 $ per barrel, used for offsets −32022-05-31: 125.5 $ per barrel, used for offsets −1same print as T0 — 2022-06-01, 122.2 $ per barrel, used for offsets T0, +12022-06-03: 125.7 $ per barrel, used for offsets +32022-06-08: 129.2 $ per barrel, used for offsets +72022-06-15: 125.0 $ per barrel, used for offsets +142022-07-01: 119.2 $ per barrel, used for offsets +302022-07-29: 111.5 $ per barrel, used for offsets +602022-08-30: 99.34 $ per barrel, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset. At least one print used was published outside the −30 to +90 window; the axis is extended to show where it actually sits.

Window table for Europe Brent spot FOB: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-04-29108.4-13.840-11.33%-2.53
−142022-05-18110.0-12.160-9.95%-2.22
−72022-05-25116.4-5.790-4.74%-1.06
−32022-05-27121.2-1.010-0.83%-0.18
−12022-05-31125.5+3.330+2.73%+0.61
T02022-06-01same print as T0122.20.0000.00%0.00
+12022-06-01same print as T0122.20.0000.00%0.00
+32022-06-03125.7+3.480+2.85%+0.64
+72022-06-08129.2+7.000+5.73%+1.28
+142022-06-15125.0+2.760+2.26%+0.50
+302022-07-01119.2-2.990-2.45%-0.55
+602022-07-29111.5-10.690-8.75%-1.95
+902022-08-3099.34-22.860-18.71%-4.18

One volatility unit for this series is 4.48%, the standard deviation of its own day-on-day percentage changes over the three years before the event (764 changes). It is not a significance test.

reported crude oil imports, all origins

Unit: tonnesPublished: monthlyCalculatedOfficial
T0−30T0+30+60+904,019,6803,165,3202022-05-01: 3,451,000 tonnes, used for offsets −30, −14, −7, −3, −1same print as T0 — 2022-06-01, 3,248,000 tonnes, used for offsets T0, +1, +3, +7, +142022-07-01: 3,828,000 tonnes, used for offsets +30, +602022-08-01: 3,937,000 tonnes, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset. At least one print used was published outside the −30 to +90 window; the axis is extended to show where it actually sits.

Window table for reported crude oil imports, all origins: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-05-013,451,000+203,000+6.25%+0.35
−142022-05-013,451,000+203,000+6.25%+0.35
−72022-05-013,451,000+203,000+6.25%+0.35
−32022-05-013,451,000+203,000+6.25%+0.35
−12022-05-013,451,000+203,000+6.25%+0.35
T02022-06-01same print as T03,248,0000.0000.00%0.00
+12022-06-01same print as T03,248,0000.0000.00%0.00
+32022-06-01same print as T03,248,0000.0000.00%0.00
+72022-06-01same print as T03,248,0000.0000.00%0.00
+142022-06-01same print as T03,248,0000.0000.00%0.00
+302022-07-013,828,000+580,000+17.86%+0.99
+602022-07-013,828,000+580,000+17.86%+0.99
+902022-08-013,937,000+689,000+21.21%+1.18

One volatility unit for this series is 17.98%, the standard deviation of its own month-on-month percentage changes over the three years before the event (36 changes). It is not a significance test.

crude-only expected pre-tax price: the T0 bulletin-week price plus what the stored pass-through curves say crude alone would have done since

Unit: € per litrePublished: weeklyCalculatedMedium
T0−30T0+30+60+900.9990.8652022-05-02: 0.8778 € per litre, used for offsets −302022-05-16: 0.9092 € per litre, used for offsets −142022-05-23: 0.9227 € per litre, used for offsets −7, −3same print as T0 — 2022-05-30, 0.9445 € per litre, used for offsets −1, T0, +1, +32022-06-06: 0.9690 € per litre, used for offsets +72022-06-13: 0.9863 € per litre, used for offsets +142022-06-27: 0.9843 € per litre, used for offsets +302022-07-25: 0.9675 € per litre, used for offsets +602022-08-29: 0.9269 € per litre, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset.

Window table for crude-only expected pre-tax price: the T0 bulletin-week price plus what the stored pass-through curves say crude alone would have done since: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-05-020.8778-0.067-7.06%-3.05
−142022-05-160.9092-0.035-3.73%-1.61
−72022-05-230.9227-0.022-2.31%-1.00
−32022-05-230.9227-0.022-2.31%-1.00
−12022-05-30same print as T00.94450.0000.00%0.00
T02022-05-30same print as T00.94450.0000.00%0.00
+12022-05-30same print as T00.94450.0000.00%0.00
+32022-05-30same print as T00.94450.0000.00%0.00
+72022-06-060.9690+0.025+2.60%+1.12
+142022-06-130.9863+0.042+4.42%+1.91
+302022-06-270.9843+0.040+4.22%+1.82
+602022-07-250.9675+0.023+2.44%+1.06
+902022-08-290.9269-0.018-1.86%-0.80

One volatility unit for this series is 2.31%, the standard deviation of its own week-on-week percentage changes over the three years before the event (148 changes). It is not a significance test.

ECB euro foreign exchange reference rate

Unit: US dollars per euroPublished: dailyCalculatedOfficial
T0−30T0+30+60+901.0820.9952022-05-02: 1.052 US dollars per euro, used for offsets −302022-05-18: 1.052 US dollars per euro, used for offsets −142022-05-25: 1.066 US dollars per euro, used for offsets −72022-05-27: 1.072 US dollars per euro, used for offsets −32022-05-31: 1.071 US dollars per euro, used for offsets −1same print as T0 — 2022-06-01, 1.071 US dollars per euro, used for offsets T02022-06-02: 1.069 US dollars per euro, used for offsets +12022-06-03: 1.073 US dollars per euro, used for offsets +32022-06-08: 1.074 US dollars per euro, used for offsets +72022-06-15: 1.043 US dollars per euro, used for offsets +142022-07-01: 1.043 US dollars per euro, used for offsets +302022-07-29: 1.020 US dollars per euro, used for offsets +602022-08-30: 1.003 US dollars per euro, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset.

Window table for ECB euro foreign exchange reference rate: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-05-021.052-0.019-1.76%-4.20
−142022-05-181.052-0.019-1.76%-4.23
−72022-05-251.066-0.006-0.52%-1.25
−32022-05-271.072+0.001+0.09%+0.22
−12022-05-311.071+0.000+0.01%+0.02
T02022-06-01same print as T01.0710.0000.00%0.00
+12022-06-021.069-0.002-0.19%-0.45
+32022-06-031.073+0.002+0.17%+0.40
+72022-06-081.074+0.003+0.25%+0.60
+142022-06-151.043-0.028-2.62%-6.28
+302022-07-011.043-0.029-2.68%-6.42
+602022-07-291.020-0.051-4.80%-11.50
+902022-08-301.003-0.068-6.33%-15.16

One volatility unit for this series is 0.42%, the standard deviation of its own day-on-day percentage changes over the three years before the event (770 changes). It is not a significance test.

direct crude Hormuz exposure D1

Unit: % of imported tonnesPublished: monthlyUnknownUnknown
T0−30T0+30+60+9024.682.132022-05-01: 7.753 to 15.24 % of imported tonnes. No point estimate is published, so no midpoint is drawn.2022-06-01: 4.311 to 20.10 % of imported tonnes. No point estimate is published, so no midpoint is drawn.2022-07-01: 11.77 to 22.50 % of imported tonnes. No point estimate is published, so no midpoint is drawn.2022-08-01: 5.797 to 20.22 % of imported tonnes. No point estimate is published, so no midpoint is drawn.

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset. At least one print used was published outside the −30 to +90 window; the axis is extended to show where it actually sits. The shaded band is the admissible range. No midpoint is drawn, because no point estimate is published.

Window table for direct crude Hormuz exposure D1: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-05-017.753–15.24not publishednot publishednot published
−142022-05-017.753–15.24not publishednot publishednot published
−72022-05-017.753–15.24not publishednot publishednot published
−32022-05-017.753–15.24not publishednot publishednot published
−12022-05-017.753–15.24not publishednot publishednot published
T02022-06-014.311–20.10not publishednot publishednot published
+12022-06-014.311–20.10not publishednot publishednot published
+32022-06-014.311–20.10not publishednot publishednot published
+72022-06-014.311–20.10not publishednot publishednot published
+142022-06-014.311–20.10not publishednot publishednot published
+302022-07-0111.77–22.50not publishednot publishednot published
+602022-07-0111.77–22.50not publishednot publishednot published
+902022-08-015.797–20.22not publishednot publishednot published

No normal volatility is published for this series, so no change is expressed in volatility units. That is a missing input, not a zero.

direct refined-product Hormuz exposure D2

Unit: % of imported tonnesPublished: monthlyUnknownUnknown
T0−30T0+30+60+9033.010.052022-05-01: 8.170 to 21.49 % of imported tonnes. No point estimate is published, so no midpoint is drawn.2022-06-01: 8.752 to 27.26 % of imported tonnes. No point estimate is published, so no midpoint is drawn.2022-07-01: 5.342 to 23.92 % of imported tonnes. No point estimate is published, so no midpoint is drawn.2022-08-01: 3.239 to 29.82 % of imported tonnes. No point estimate is published, so no midpoint is drawn.

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset. At least one print used was published outside the −30 to +90 window; the axis is extended to show where it actually sits. The shaded band is the admissible range. No midpoint is drawn, because no point estimate is published.

Window table for direct refined-product Hormuz exposure D2: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-05-018.170–21.49not publishednot publishednot published
−142022-05-018.170–21.49not publishednot publishednot published
−72022-05-018.170–21.49not publishednot publishednot published
−32022-05-018.170–21.49not publishednot publishednot published
−12022-05-018.170–21.49not publishednot publishednot published
T02022-06-018.752–27.26not publishednot publishednot published
+12022-06-018.752–27.26not publishednot publishednot published
+32022-06-018.752–27.26not publishednot publishednot published
+72022-06-018.752–27.26not publishednot publishednot published
+142022-06-018.752–27.26not publishednot publishednot published
+302022-07-015.342–23.92not publishednot publishednot published
+602022-07-015.342–23.92not publishednot publishednot published
+902022-08-013.239–29.82not publishednot publishednot published

No normal volatility is published for this series, so no change is expressed in volatility units. That is a missing input, not a zero.

inventory exposure D7: published days of emergency stock cover, carried through

Unit: days of coverPublished: monthlyCalculatedOfficial
T0−30T0+30+60+90103.290.82022-05-01: 102.0 days of cover, used for offsets −30, −14, −7, −3, −1same print as T0 — 2022-06-01, 98.00 days of cover, used for offsets T0, +1, +3, +7, +142022-07-01: 92.00 days of cover, used for offsets +30, +602022-08-01: 92.00 days of cover, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset. At least one print used was published outside the −30 to +90 window; the axis is extended to show where it actually sits.

Window table for inventory exposure D7: published days of emergency stock cover, carried through: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-05-01102.0+4.000+4.08%+0.83
−142022-05-01102.0+4.000+4.08%+0.83
−72022-05-01102.0+4.000+4.08%+0.83
−32022-05-01102.0+4.000+4.08%+0.83
−12022-05-01102.0+4.000+4.08%+0.83
T02022-06-01same print as T098.000.0000.00%0.00
+12022-06-01same print as T098.000.0000.00%0.00
+32022-06-01same print as T098.000.0000.00%0.00
+72022-06-01same print as T098.000.0000.00%0.00
+142022-06-01same print as T098.000.0000.00%0.00
+302022-07-0192.00-6.000-6.12%-1.25
+602022-07-0192.00-6.000-6.12%-1.25
+902022-08-0192.00-6.000-6.12%-1.25

One volatility unit for this series is 4.92%, the standard deviation of its own month-on-month percentage changes over the three years before the event (36 changes). It is not a significance test.

crude cost per litre: Brent in EUR/L averaged over the bulletin week (refinery yield not modelled)

Unit: € per litrePublished: weeklyCalculatedOfficial
T0−30T0+30+60+900.7720.5802022-05-02: 0.6576 € per litre, used for offsets −302022-05-16: 0.6754 € per litre, used for offsets −142022-05-23: 0.6922 € per litre, used for offsets −7, −3same print as T0 — 2022-05-30, 0.7275 € per litre, used for offsets −1, T0, +1, +32022-06-06: 0.7496 € per litre, used for offsets +72022-06-13: 0.7533 € per litre, used for offsets +142022-06-27: 0.7214 € per litre, used for offsets +302022-07-25: 0.6761 € per litre, used for offsets +602022-08-29: 0.5990 € per litre, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset.

Window table for crude cost per litre: Brent in EUR/L averaged over the bulletin week (refinery yield not modelled): value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-05-020.6576-0.070-9.62%-1.20
−142022-05-160.6754-0.052-7.17%-0.90
−72022-05-230.6922-0.035-4.85%-0.61
−32022-05-230.6922-0.035-4.85%-0.61
−12022-05-30same print as T00.72750.0000.00%0.00
T02022-05-30same print as T00.72750.0000.00%0.00
+12022-05-30same print as T00.72750.0000.00%0.00
+32022-05-30same print as T00.72750.0000.00%0.00
+72022-06-060.7496+0.022+3.04%+0.38
+142022-06-130.7533+0.026+3.54%+0.44
+302022-06-270.7214-0.006-0.84%-0.11
+602022-07-250.6761-0.051-7.07%-0.88
+902022-08-290.5990-0.129-17.67%-2.21

One volatility unit for this series is 8.00%, the standard deviation of its own week-on-week percentage changes over the three years before the event (148 changes). It is not a significance test.

national total oil stocks (Eurostat, commercial holders), with the published days of cover alongside

Unit: tonnesPublished: monthlyCalculatedOfficial
T0−30T0+30+60+9019,903,84019,151,1602022-05-01: 19,724,000 tonnes, used for offsets −30, −14, −7, −3, −1same print as T0 — 2022-06-01, 19,224,000 tonnes, used for offsets T0, +1, +3, +7, +142022-07-01: 19,374,000 tonnes, used for offsets +30, +602022-08-01: 19,831,000 tonnes, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset. At least one print used was published outside the −30 to +90 window; the axis is extended to show where it actually sits.

Window table for national total oil stocks (Eurostat, commercial holders), with the published days of cover alongside: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-05-0119,724,000+500,000+2.60%+1.15
−142022-05-0119,724,000+500,000+2.60%+1.15
−72022-05-0119,724,000+500,000+2.60%+1.15
−32022-05-0119,724,000+500,000+2.60%+1.15
−12022-05-0119,724,000+500,000+2.60%+1.15
T02022-06-01same print as T019,224,0000.0000.00%0.00
+12022-06-01same print as T019,224,0000.0000.00%0.00
+32022-06-01same print as T019,224,0000.0000.00%0.00
+72022-06-01same print as T019,224,0000.0000.00%0.00
+142022-06-01same print as T019,224,0000.0000.00%0.00
+302022-07-0119,374,000+150,000+0.78%+0.34
+602022-07-0119,374,000+150,000+0.78%+0.34
+902022-08-0119,831,000+607,000+3.16%+1.39

One volatility unit for this series is 2.27%, the standard deviation of its own month-on-month percentage changes over the three years before the event (36 changes). It is not a significance test.

not explained by crude: actual pre-tax change since T0 minus the crude-only expected change. Never attributed

Unit: € per litrePublished: weeklyCalculatedMedium
T0−30T0+30+60+900.126-0.1632022-05-02: -0.0672 € per litre, used for offsets −302022-05-16: -0.0237 € per litre, used for offsets −142022-05-23: 0.0295 € per litre, used for offsets −7, −3same print as T0 — 2022-05-30, 0 € per litre, used for offsets −1, T0, +1, +32022-06-06: 0.0907 € per litre, used for offsets +72022-06-13: 0.0982 € per litre, used for offsets +142022-06-27: 0.0633 € per litre, used for offsets +302022-07-25: -0.0555 € per litre, used for offsets +602022-08-29: -0.1352 € per litre, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset.

Window table for not explained by crude: actual pre-tax change since T0 minus the crude-only expected change. Never attributed: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-05-02-0.0672-0.067not publishednot published
−142022-05-16-0.0237-0.024not publishednot published
−72022-05-230.0295+0.029not publishednot published
−32022-05-230.0295+0.029not publishednot published
−12022-05-30same print as T000.000not publishednot published
T02022-05-30same print as T000.000not publishednot published
+12022-05-30same print as T000.000not publishednot published
+32022-05-30same print as T000.000not publishednot published
+72022-06-060.0907+0.091not publishednot published
+142022-06-130.0982+0.098not publishednot published
+302022-06-270.0633+0.063not publishednot published
+602022-07-25-0.0555-0.056not publishednot published
+902022-08-29-0.1352-0.135not publishednot published

No normal volatility is published for this series, so no change is expressed in volatility units. That is a missing input, not a zero.

Weekly Oil Bulletin price with taxes

Unit: € per litrePublished: weeklyCalculatedOfficial
T0−30T0+30+60+902.1731.7382022-05-02: 1.802 € per litre, used for offsets −302022-05-16: 1.892 € per litre, used for offsets −142022-05-23: 1.972 € per litre, used for offsets −7, −3same print as T0 — 2022-05-30, 1.963 € per litre, used for offsets −1, T0, +1, +32022-06-06: 2.101 € per litre, used for offsets +72022-06-13: 2.131 € per litre, used for offsets +142022-06-27: 2.087 € per litre, used for offsets +302022-07-25: 1.924 € per litre, used for offsets +602022-08-29: 1.780 € per litre, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset.

Window table for Weekly Oil Bulletin price with taxes: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-05-021.802-0.161-8.19%-4.85
−142022-05-161.892-0.071-3.60%-2.14
−72022-05-231.972+0.009+0.47%+0.28
−32022-05-231.972+0.009+0.47%+0.28
−12022-05-30same print as T01.9630.0000.00%0.00
T02022-05-30same print as T01.9630.0000.00%0.00
+12022-05-30same print as T01.9630.0000.00%0.00
+32022-05-30same print as T01.9630.0000.00%0.00
+72022-06-062.101+0.138+7.04%+4.17
+142022-06-132.131+0.168+8.56%+5.07
+302022-06-272.087+0.124+6.31%+3.74
+602022-07-251.924-0.039-1.99%-1.18
+902022-08-291.780-0.183-9.34%-5.53

One volatility unit for this series is 1.69%, the standard deviation of its own week-on-week percentage changes over the three years before the event (148 changes). It is not a significance test.

Weekly Oil Bulletin price without taxes

Unit: € per litrePublished: weeklyCalculatedOfficial
T0−30T0+30+60+901.1200.7572022-05-02: 0.8106 € per litre, used for offsets −302022-05-16: 0.8855 € per litre, used for offsets −142022-05-23: 0.9522 € per litre, used for offsets −7, −3same print as T0 — 2022-05-30, 0.9445 € per litre, used for offsets −1, T0, +1, +32022-06-06: 1.060 € per litre, used for offsets +72022-06-13: 1.084 € per litre, used for offsets +142022-06-27: 1.048 € per litre, used for offsets +302022-07-25: 0.9120 € per litre, used for offsets +602022-08-29: 0.7918 € per litre, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset.

Window table for Weekly Oil Bulletin price without taxes: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-05-020.8106-0.134-14.18%-4.17
−142022-05-160.8855-0.059-6.24%-1.84
−72022-05-230.9522+0.008+0.81%+0.24
−32022-05-230.9522+0.008+0.81%+0.24
−12022-05-30same print as T00.94450.0000.00%0.00
T02022-05-30same print as T00.94450.0000.00%0.00
+12022-05-30same print as T00.94450.0000.00%0.00
+32022-05-30same print as T00.94450.0000.00%0.00
+72022-06-061.060+0.115+12.20%+3.59
+142022-06-131.084+0.140+14.82%+4.36
+302022-06-271.048+0.103+10.92%+3.22
+602022-07-250.9120-0.032-3.44%-1.01
+902022-08-290.7918-0.153-16.17%-4.76

One volatility unit for this series is 3.40%, the standard deviation of its own week-on-week percentage changes over the three years before the event (148 changes). It is not a significance test.

total tax per litre: price with taxes minus price without taxes

Unit: € per litrePublished: weeklyCalculatedOfficial
T0−30T0+30+60+901.0530.9812022-05-02: 0.9917 € per litre, used for offsets −302022-05-16: 1.007 € per litre, used for offsets −142022-05-23: 1.020 € per litre, used for offsets −7, −3same print as T0 — 2022-05-30, 1.018 € per litre, used for offsets −1, T0, +1, +32022-06-06: 1.041 € per litre, used for offsets +72022-06-13: 1.046 € per litre, used for offsets +142022-06-27: 1.039 € per litre, used for offsets +302022-07-25: 1.012 € per litre, used for offsets +602022-08-29: 0.9879 € per litre, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset.

Window table for total tax per litre: price with taxes minus price without taxes: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-05-020.9917-0.027-2.63%-5.23
−142022-05-161.007-0.012-1.16%-2.30
−72022-05-231.020+0.002+0.15%+0.30
−32022-05-231.020+0.002+0.15%+0.30
−12022-05-30same print as T01.0180.0000.00%0.00
T02022-05-30same print as T01.0180.0000.00%0.00
+12022-05-30same print as T01.0180.0000.00%0.00
+32022-05-30same print as T01.0180.0000.00%0.00
+72022-06-061.041+0.023+2.26%+4.50
+142022-06-131.046+0.028+2.75%+5.47
+302022-06-271.039+0.021+2.03%+4.03
+602022-07-251.012-0.006-0.64%-1.27
+902022-08-290.9879-0.031-3.00%-5.97

One volatility unit for this series is 0.50%, the standard deviation of its own week-on-week percentage changes over the three years before the event (148 changes). It is not a significance test.

US proxy - not a European price: US gasoline spot minus Brent spot, USD per barrel. A proxy for the Atlantic-basin product market, NOT a measure of European refining margins (§H).

Unit: $ per barrelPublished: dailyCalculatedLow
T0−30T0+30+60+9069.569.002022-04-29: 35.83 $ per barrel, used for offsets −302022-05-18: 48.89 $ per barrel, used for offsets −142022-05-25: 47.31 $ per barrel, used for offsets −72022-05-27: 51.09 $ per barrel, used for offsets −32022-05-31: 47.09 $ per barrel, used for offsets −1same print as T0 — 2022-06-01, 57.64 $ per barrel, used for offsets T0, +12022-06-03: 63.70 $ per barrel, used for offsets +32022-06-08: 54.93 $ per barrel, used for offsets +72022-06-15: 40.73 $ per barrel, used for offsets +142022-07-01: 40.89 $ per barrel, used for offsets +302022-07-29: 30.91 $ per barrel, used for offsets +602022-08-30: 14.86 $ per barrel, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset. At least one print used was published outside the −30 to +90 window; the axis is extended to show where it actually sits.

Window table for US proxy - not a European price: US gasoline spot minus Brent spot, USD per barrel. A proxy for the Atlantic-basin product market, NOT a measure of European refining margins (§H).: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-04-2935.83-21.818-37.85%-0.21
−142022-05-1848.89-8.756-15.19%-0.08
−72022-05-2547.31-10.338-17.93%-0.10
−32022-05-2751.09-6.550-11.36%-0.06
−12022-05-3147.09-10.554-18.31%-0.10
T02022-06-01same print as T057.640.0000.00%0.00
+12022-06-01same print as T057.640.0000.00%0.00
+32022-06-0363.70+6.054+10.50%+0.06
+72022-06-0854.93-2.716-4.71%-0.03
+142022-06-1540.73-16.914-29.34%-0.16
+302022-07-0140.89-16.750-29.06%-0.16
+602022-07-2930.91-26.732-46.37%-0.26
+902022-08-3014.86-42.786-74.22%-0.41

One volatility unit for this series is 181.24%, the standard deviation of its own day-on-day percentage changes over the three years before the event (747 changes). It is not a significance test.

US proxy - not a European price: US jet spot minus Brent spot, USD per barrel. A proxy for the Atlantic-basin product market, NOT a measure of European refining margins (§H).

Unit: $ per barrelPublished: dailyCalculatedLow
T0−30T0+30+60+9087.9225.322022-04-29: 81.86 $ per barrel, used for offsets −302022-05-18: 35.78 $ per barrel, used for offsets −142022-05-25: 40.71 $ per barrel, used for offsets −72022-05-27: 40.59 $ per barrel, used for offsets −32022-05-31: 34.70 $ per barrel, used for offsets −1same print as T0 — 2022-06-01, 42.99 $ per barrel, used for offsets T0, +12022-06-03: 46.69 $ per barrel, used for offsets +32022-06-08: 42.16 $ per barrel, used for offsets +72022-06-15: 56.44 $ per barrel, used for offsets +142022-07-01: 39.51 $ per barrel, used for offsets +302022-07-29: 31.37 $ per barrel, used for offsets +602022-08-30: 49.63 $ per barrel, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset. At least one print used was published outside the −30 to +90 window; the axis is extended to show where it actually sits.

Window table for US proxy - not a European price: US jet spot minus Brent spot, USD per barrel. A proxy for the Atlantic-basin product market, NOT a measure of European refining margins (§H).: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-04-2981.86+38.872+90.43%+0.52
−142022-05-1835.78-7.202-16.75%-0.10
−72022-05-2540.71-2.274-5.29%-0.03
−32022-05-2740.59-2.392-5.56%-0.03
−12022-05-3134.70-8.286-19.28%-0.11
T02022-06-01same print as T042.990.0000.00%0.00
+12022-06-01same print as T042.990.0000.00%0.00
+32022-06-0346.69+3.702+8.61%+0.05
+72022-06-0842.16-0.826-1.92%-0.01
+142022-06-1556.44+13.452+31.29%+0.18
+302022-07-0139.51-3.478-8.09%-0.05
+602022-07-2931.37-11.612-27.01%-0.15
+902022-08-3049.63+6.648+15.47%+0.09

One volatility unit for this series is 175.17%, the standard deviation of its own day-on-day percentage changes over the three years before the event (747 changes). It is not a significance test.

Not available: licence-blocked

A source exists and its licence does not permit us to republish it. These channels are not missing from the world, only from this page.

Arabian Gulf to north-west Europe dirty tanker rate

Tanker freight rates are licensed such that public display, onward passing and derived data are all expressly prohibited, verified verbatim, and no open institution publishes a tanker rate.

13 offsets in the window are affected.

EU refined-product benchmark

EU refined-product benchmarks (Platts / Argus) are proprietary with no redistribution grant. US crack spreads are not a valid EU proxy and are not substituted.

13 offsets in the window are affected.

north-west Europe refining margin / crack spread

No published refining-margin series is held, and computing a margin ourselves would need the licensed EU product benchmarks, which may not be republished.

13 offsets in the window are affected.

wholesale / rack price

Wholesale / rack price series are proprietary with no redistribution grant.

13 offsets in the window are affected.

Source
European Commission, Directorate-General for Energy (DG ENER)Unknown
Period 2022-04-29Updated 2026-09-25 14:09 UTCConfidenceUnknownMethodologyDownload CSV

T0 is 2022-06-01. The baseline window is -90 to -31 days. Offsets materialised: -30, -14, -7, -3, -1, 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, 30, 60, 90. Method 1.0, calculation event_study-1.0, computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC.

Is Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022 really the reason?

The question splits into dimensions that are measured separately and never added into one number. Each row says whether we can see that dimension at all, and gives one published figure where we can.

Of the eight price-transmission channels this site reports, 4 have data in this run Calculated - a count of the rows below, not a measurement.

Methodology §11.1 publishes the thresholds the sentences below use: all eight channels present for the full comparison, at least three for the claim to be testable here at all, and 2.0 volatility units for a move to be described as outside a series' normal variation. Those are published wording choices, not statistical tests.

Dimensions of exposure to Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022, each with its status and one published figure.
DimensionStatusPublished figure, or why there is none
Direct crude exposure (D1)Share of imported crude whose route requires the Strait of Hormuz.Range only
11.77–22.50 % of imported tonnes at +30 d (2022-07) · no midpoint
Direct product exposure (D2)Share of imported refined product whose route requires the Strait of Hormuz.Range only
5.342–23.92 % of imported tonnes at +30 d (2022-07) · no midpoint
Emergency stock cover (D7)Days of cover the published emergency stocks amount to. A buffer against a supply disruption, not a share of imports, and not a price channel.Observed
92.00 days of cover at +30 d (published 2022-07-01)-6.12% from the level at T0 = -1.25 volatility units
Crude benchmarkThe quoted crude price European cargoes are priced against.Observed
119.2 $ per barrel at +30 d (published 2022-07-01)-2.45% from the level at T0 = -0.55 volatility units
Refined-product benchmarkThe quoted product price refineries and wholesalers price against.UnavailableEU refined-product benchmarks (Platts / Argus) are proprietary with no redistribution grant. US crack spreads are not a valid EU proxy and are not substituted.
Refining marginWhat refining a barrel into this product earned.UnavailableNo published refining-margin series is held, and computing a margin ourselves would need the licensed EU product benchmarks, which may not be republished.
Freight ratesWhat it cost to ship the cargo.UnavailableTanker freight rates are licensed such that public display, onward passing and derived data are all expressly prohibited, verified verbatim, and no open institution publishes a tanker rate.
InventoriesStocks held, which absorb or amplify a supply change.Observed
19,374,000 tonnes at +30 d (published 2022-07-01)+0.78% from the level at T0 = +0.34 volatility units
Wholesale pricesThe price between the refinery gate and the forecourt.UnavailableWholesale / rack price series are proprietary with no redistribution grant.
Pump price before taxThe pump price with excise, VAT and other fuel taxes stripped out.Observed
1.048 € per litre at +30 d (published 2022-06-27)+10.92% from the level at T0 = +3.22 volatility units
Pump price with taxWhat a driver actually paid.Observed
2.087 € per litre at +30 d (published 2022-06-27)+6.31% from the level at T0 = +3.74 volatility units

Physical exposure to the Strait of Hormuz and price exposure are different questions. A country with almost no direct physical exposure can still see its pump price move, because crude is priced globally - and a series that moved in this window may have moved for other reasons.

What the pump price did around this date

The decomposition page can be pinned to the weeks around the event date, so the pump move can be split into tax, input cost and the part the input cost does not account for.

Price decomposition, 2022-05-25 to 2022-07-01 →

The window is the published event date minus 7 days to plus 30 days. It is a window for looking, not a claim that the event caused what is inside it.

Actual vs crude-only: France, petrol (euro-super 95)

What the pre-tax price did from four weeks before to thirteen weeks after the event week, next to what it would have done had it followed only the crude input cost at the speed the stored pass-through estimate measures. The shaded difference is not explained by crude; it is not attributed to the event or to anything else.

2022-06-272022-08-29-20-1001020c/L since the anchor week
  • Actual pre-tax change(official prices)
  • What crude alone would have done(calculated, with range)
  • Shaded: not explained by crude(not attributed to any cause)

Changes are measured from the bulletin week of 2022-05-30. Crude response taken from the stored pass-through estimate over the most recent three-year window (2023-09-25 to 2026-09-14). The light band is a conservative range, not a 90% interval. The shaded area is not explained by crude: refining margins, freight, retail margins and model error are all inside it, and none is named as its cause.

  • Over the 4 weeks after Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022, crude costs alone would have moved France's pre-tax petrol price by +4.0 c/L (range +1.7–+6.2); it actually moved +10.3 c/L, leaving +6.3 c/L not explained by crude.
  • Over the 13 weeks after Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022, crude costs alone would have moved France's pre-tax petrol price by -1.8 c/L (range -10.4–+6.9); it actually moved -15.3 c/L, leaving -13.5 c/L not explained by crude.

What the numbers support, sentence by sentence

Each sentence comes from a fixed template, chosen by published thresholds. Open “why this sentence” to see the numbers that selected it. None of this text is written by a language model, and none of it attributes cause.

  1. In the 7 days after Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022, France's pre-tax petrol price moved +12.2%, which is 3.6 times its normal week-to-week variation over the previous three years — outside that range.

    about FranceCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    1.0596800000000002
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    1.6919200850736427
    t0_value
    0.94448
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    change_pct
    12.197187870574306
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    offset_days
    7
    series_code
    RETAIL_PRETAX_FR_EURO_SUPER_95
    series_kind
    pre-tax
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-06-06
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    3.5903503946858555
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.11520000000000019
    change_pct_from_t0
    12.197187870574306
    observation_gap_days
    2
    normal_volatility_pct
    3.3972137896701087
    change_in_volatility_units
    3.5903503946858555
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (week-to-week)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    1.0596800000000002
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    1.6919200850736427
    t0_value
    0.94448
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    change_pct
    12.197187870574306
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    7
    series_code
    RETAIL_PRETAX_FR_EURO_SUPER_95
    series_kind
    pre-tax
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-06-06
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    3.5903503946858555
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.11520000000000019
    change_pct_from_t0
    12.197187870574306
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    2
    normal_volatility_pct
    3.3972137896701087
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    3.5903503946858555

    Template event.price_move.outside_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint 138886bf49c92b5139828f70f029218d39aa3d6714897d71ed46c8a4c5d7c529 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  2. In the 30 days after Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022, France's pre-tax petrol price moved +10.9%, which is 3.2 times its normal week-to-week variation over the previous three years — outside that range.

    about FranceCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    1.0476500000000002
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    1.5646736236744598
    t0_value
    0.94448
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    change_pct
    10.923471116381524
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    offset_days
    30
    series_code
    RETAIL_PRETAX_FR_EURO_SUPER_95
    series_kind
    pre-tax
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-06-27
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    3.2154205748241305
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.1031700000000002
    change_pct_from_t0
    10.923471116381524
    observation_gap_days
    4
    normal_volatility_pct
    3.3972137896701087
    change_in_volatility_units
    3.2154205748241305
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (week-to-week)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    1.0476500000000002
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    1.5646736236744598
    t0_value
    0.94448
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    change_pct
    10.923471116381524
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    30
    series_code
    RETAIL_PRETAX_FR_EURO_SUPER_95
    series_kind
    pre-tax
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-06-27
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    3.2154205748241305
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.1031700000000002
    change_pct_from_t0
    10.923471116381524
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    4
    normal_volatility_pct
    3.3972137896701087
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    3.2154205748241305

    Template event.price_move.outside_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint e72e6846d7d5ad6c7a1ce69313a1973fa53ddfc39dd73719525b84c37fa5b7f7 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  3. In the 90 days after Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022, France's pre-tax petrol price moved -16.2%, which is 4.8 times its normal week-to-week variation over the previous three years — outside that range.

    about FranceCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    0.7917500000000001
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    -1.1420902559640251
    t0_value
    0.94448
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    change_pct
    -16.170802981534806
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    offset_days
    90
    series_code
    RETAIL_PRETAX_FR_EURO_SUPER_95
    series_kind
    pre-tax
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-08-29
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    -4.760019234204597
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    -0.15272999999999992
    change_pct_from_t0
    -16.170802981534806
    observation_gap_days
    1
    normal_volatility_pct
    3.3972137896701087
    change_in_volatility_units
    -4.760019234204597
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (week-to-week)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    0.7917500000000001
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    -1.1420902559640251
    t0_value
    0.94448
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    change_pct
    -16.170802981534806
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    90
    series_code
    RETAIL_PRETAX_FR_EURO_SUPER_95
    series_kind
    pre-tax
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-08-29
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    -4.760019234204597
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    -0.15272999999999992
    change_pct_from_t0
    -16.170802981534806
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    1
    normal_volatility_pct
    3.3972137896701087
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    -4.760019234204597

    Template event.price_move.outside_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint a7a72bc28d1ade8e0836c9a3945ed51e55db58c35049cf3dad4b6804d13d7482 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  4. In the 7 days after Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022, France's tax-inclusive petrol price moved +7.0%, which is 4.2 times its normal week-to-week variation over the previous three years — outside that range.

    about FranceCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    2.10117
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    1.6918975187627385
    t0_value
    1.9629400000000001
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    change_pct
    7.041988038350641
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    offset_days
    7
    series_code
    RETAIL_INCLTAX_FR_EURO_SUPER_95
    series_kind
    tax-inclusive
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-06-06
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    4.173123029401611
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.13823000000000008
    change_pct_from_t0
    7.041988038350641
    observation_gap_days
    2
    normal_volatility_pct
    1.6874623606197392
    change_in_volatility_units
    4.173123029401611
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (week-to-week)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    2.10117
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    1.6918975187627385
    t0_value
    1.9629400000000001
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    change_pct
    7.041988038350641
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    7
    series_code
    RETAIL_INCLTAX_FR_EURO_SUPER_95
    series_kind
    tax-inclusive
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-06-06
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    4.173123029401611
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.13823000000000008
    change_pct_from_t0
    7.041988038350641
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    2
    normal_volatility_pct
    1.6874623606197392
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    4.173123029401611

    Template event.price_move.outside_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint c28f3d857596982875e8acbdb85d36e92f5c193e66b347ef15d33481af8d3e8d · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  5. In the 30 days after Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022, France's tax-inclusive petrol price moved +6.3%, which is 3.7 times its normal week-to-week variation over the previous three years — outside that range.

    about FranceCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    2.08674
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    1.5647029903538157
    t0_value
    1.9629400000000001
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    change_pct
    6.306866231265331
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    offset_days
    30
    series_code
    RETAIL_INCLTAX_FR_EURO_SUPER_95
    series_kind
    tax-inclusive
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-06-27
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    3.7374855750554725
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.12379999999999969
    change_pct_from_t0
    6.306866231265331
    observation_gap_days
    4
    normal_volatility_pct
    1.6874623606197392
    change_in_volatility_units
    3.7374855750554725
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (week-to-week)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    2.08674
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    1.5647029903538157
    t0_value
    1.9629400000000001
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    change_pct
    6.306866231265331
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    30
    series_code
    RETAIL_INCLTAX_FR_EURO_SUPER_95
    series_kind
    tax-inclusive
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-06-27
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    3.7374855750554725
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.12379999999999969
    change_pct_from_t0
    6.306866231265331
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    4
    normal_volatility_pct
    1.6874623606197392
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    3.7374855750554725

    Template event.price_move.outside_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint 70fe74bddb00d8786f431b7765d64804479159b72728334b8a1dee6337029fe2 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  6. In the 90 days after Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022, France's tax-inclusive petrol price moved -9.3%, which is 5.5 times its normal week-to-week variation over the previous three years — outside that range.

    about FranceCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    1.77966
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    -1.142081194248465
    t0_value
    1.9629400000000001
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    change_pct
    -9.337014885834519
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    offset_days
    90
    series_code
    RETAIL_INCLTAX_FR_EURO_SUPER_95
    series_kind
    tax-inclusive
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-08-29
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    -5.533169274605566
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    -0.1832800000000001
    change_pct_from_t0
    -9.337014885834519
    observation_gap_days
    1
    normal_volatility_pct
    1.6874623606197392
    change_in_volatility_units
    -5.533169274605566
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (week-to-week)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    1.77966
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    -1.142081194248465
    t0_value
    1.9629400000000001
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    change_pct
    -9.337014885834519
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    90
    series_code
    RETAIL_INCLTAX_FR_EURO_SUPER_95
    series_kind
    tax-inclusive
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-08-29
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    -5.533169274605566
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    -0.1832800000000001
    change_pct_from_t0
    -9.337014885834519
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    1
    normal_volatility_pct
    1.6874623606197392
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    -5.533169274605566

    Template event.price_move.outside_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint b02fd71d47ec312224523675a046de2ff822b8b9dbbbebf8d3611d5ca6d487c6 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  7. In the 7 days after Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022, France's tax-component petrol price moved +2.3%, which is 4.5 times its normal week-to-week variation over the previous three years — outside that range.

    about FranceCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    1.0414899999999998
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    1.691784673041155
    t0_value
    1.0184600000000001
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    change_pct
    2.261257192231375
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    offset_days
    7
    series_code
    TAX_COMPONENT_FR_EURO_SUPER_95
    series_kind
    tax-component
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-06-06
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    4.499357858722155
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.023029999999999662
    change_pct_from_t0
    2.261257192231375
    observation_gap_days
    2
    normal_volatility_pct
    0.5025733145115036
    change_in_volatility_units
    4.499357858722155
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (week-to-week)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    1.0414899999999998
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    1.691784673041155
    t0_value
    1.0184600000000001
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    change_pct
    2.261257192231375
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    7
    series_code
    TAX_COMPONENT_FR_EURO_SUPER_95
    series_kind
    tax-component
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-06-06
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    4.499357858722155
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.023029999999999662
    change_pct_from_t0
    2.261257192231375
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    2
    normal_volatility_pct
    0.5025733145115036
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    4.499357858722155

    Template event.price_move.outside_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint 3f1042e5fa96b8a00832cd8e6263aeccd88ef72a24dc1cb4b2c4ca721d2f54ea · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  8. In the 30 days after Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022, France's tax-component petrol price moved +2.0%, which is 4.0 times its normal week-to-week variation over the previous three years — outside that range.

    about FranceCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    1.0390899999999998
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    1.5648498219532572
    t0_value
    1.0184600000000001
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    change_pct
    2.0256072894369637
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    offset_days
    30
    series_code
    TAX_COMPONENT_FR_EURO_SUPER_95
    series_kind
    tax-component
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-06-27
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    4.030471238620846
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.020629999999999704
    change_pct_from_t0
    2.0256072894369637
    observation_gap_days
    4
    normal_volatility_pct
    0.5025733145115036
    change_in_volatility_units
    4.030471238620846
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (week-to-week)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    1.0390899999999998
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    1.5648498219532572
    t0_value
    1.0184600000000001
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    change_pct
    2.0256072894369637
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    30
    series_code
    TAX_COMPONENT_FR_EURO_SUPER_95
    series_kind
    tax-component
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-06-27
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    4.030471238620846
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.020629999999999704
    change_pct_from_t0
    2.0256072894369637
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    4
    normal_volatility_pct
    0.5025733145115036
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    4.030471238620846

    Template event.price_move.outside_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint 97f8f86e77d47313e64c46f3d73233499090b632ace69ecaeebaf8ad46979a8a · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  9. In the 90 days after Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022, France's tax-component petrol price moved -3.0%, which is 6.0 times its normal week-to-week variation over the previous three years — outside that range.

    about FranceCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    0.98791
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    -1.1420358774962036
    t0_value
    1.0184600000000001
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    change_pct
    -2.999626887653927
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    offset_days
    90
    series_code
    TAX_COMPONENT_FR_EURO_SUPER_95
    series_kind
    tax-component
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-08-29
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    -5.968535935039718
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    -0.030550000000000188
    change_pct_from_t0
    -2.999626887653927
    observation_gap_days
    1
    normal_volatility_pct
    0.5025733145115036
    change_in_volatility_units
    -5.968535935039718
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (week-to-week)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    0.98791
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    -1.1420358774962036
    t0_value
    1.0184600000000001
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    change_pct
    -2.999626887653927
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    90
    series_code
    TAX_COMPONENT_FR_EURO_SUPER_95
    series_kind
    tax-component
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-08-29
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    -5.968535935039718
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    -0.030550000000000188
    change_pct_from_t0
    -2.999626887653927
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    1
    normal_volatility_pct
    0.5025733145115036
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    -5.968535935039718

    Template event.price_move.outside_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint 5fb2d8f67aa09da00168026c4c1f9d7c91ee2e0884bfdcef62d899f516c246f1 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  10. In the 7 days after Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022, France's pre-tax diesel price moved +12.2%, which is 3.2 times its normal week-to-week variation over the previous three years — outside that range.

    about FranceCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    1.02545
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    0.030714884535773236
    t0_value
    0.91427
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    change_pct
    12.160521508963429
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    offset_days
    7
    series_code
    RETAIL_PRETAX_FR_DIESEL
    series_kind
    pre-tax
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-06-06
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    3.185543935839238
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.11117999999999995
    change_pct_from_t0
    12.160521508963429
    observation_gap_days
    2
    normal_volatility_pct
    3.817408189587476
    change_in_volatility_units
    3.185543935839238
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (week-to-week)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    1.02545
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    0.030714884535773236
    t0_value
    0.91427
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    change_pct
    12.160521508963429
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    7
    series_code
    RETAIL_PRETAX_FR_DIESEL
    series_kind
    pre-tax
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-06-06
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    3.185543935839238
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.11117999999999995
    change_pct_from_t0
    12.160521508963429
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    2
    normal_volatility_pct
    3.817408189587476
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    3.185543935839238

    Template event.price_move.outside_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint a130b85bcb4778d6f5006110e5ce3c0688eb3e108b8e257fa06e9947579b60aa · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  11. In the 30 days after Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022, France's pre-tax diesel price moved +27.5%, which is 7.2 times its normal week-to-week variation over the previous three years — outside that range.

    about FranceCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    1.1660599999999999
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    1.374945182536024
    t0_value
    0.91427
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    change_pct
    27.54000459382894
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    offset_days
    30
    series_code
    RETAIL_PRETAX_FR_DIESEL
    series_kind
    pre-tax
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-06-27
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    7.214320089988862
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.25178999999999985
    change_pct_from_t0
    27.54000459382894
    observation_gap_days
    4
    normal_volatility_pct
    3.817408189587476
    change_in_volatility_units
    7.214320089988862
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (week-to-week)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    1.1660599999999999
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    1.374945182536024
    t0_value
    0.91427
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    change_pct
    27.54000459382894
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    30
    series_code
    RETAIL_PRETAX_FR_DIESEL
    series_kind
    pre-tax
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-06-27
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    7.214320089988862
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.25178999999999985
    change_pct_from_t0
    27.54000459382894
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    4
    normal_volatility_pct
    3.817408189587476
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    7.214320089988862

    Template event.price_move.outside_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint eccd5c28e1e6c1150a802cd879e02c9096533083e920d376fe167b0a20754c74 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  12. In the 90 days after Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022, France's pre-tax diesel price moved +11.0%, which is 2.9 times its normal week-to-week variation over the previous three years — outside that range.

    about FranceCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    1.01491
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    -0.07004741786748858
    t0_value
    0.91427
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    change_pct
    11.007689194658028
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    offset_days
    90
    series_code
    RETAIL_PRETAX_FR_DIESEL
    series_kind
    pre-tax
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-08-29
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    2.883550474031849
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.10063999999999995
    change_pct_from_t0
    11.007689194658028
    observation_gap_days
    1
    normal_volatility_pct
    3.817408189587476
    change_in_volatility_units
    2.883550474031849
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (week-to-week)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    1.01491
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    -0.07004741786748858
    t0_value
    0.91427
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    change_pct
    11.007689194658028
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    90
    series_code
    RETAIL_PRETAX_FR_DIESEL
    series_kind
    pre-tax
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-08-29
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    2.883550474031849
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.10063999999999995
    change_pct_from_t0
    11.007689194658028
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    1
    normal_volatility_pct
    3.817408189587476
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    2.883550474031849

    Template event.price_move.outside_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint 739379adf9c5a5586df8d21f8fdadafb35113ec5c53574038cca1a90e5fcf011 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  13. In the 7 days after Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022, France's tax-inclusive diesel price moved +7.3%, which is 3.4 times its normal week-to-week variation over the previous three years — outside that range.

    about FranceCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    1.96146
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    0.0307166427820944
    t0_value
    1.82805
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    change_pct
    7.2979404283252665
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    offset_days
    7
    series_code
    RETAIL_INCLTAX_FR_DIESEL
    series_kind
    tax-inclusive
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-06-06
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    3.3584746384477393
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.13341000000000003
    change_pct_from_t0
    7.2979404283252665
    observation_gap_days
    2
    normal_volatility_pct
    2.172992567750435
    change_in_volatility_units
    3.3584746384477393
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (week-to-week)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    1.96146
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    0.0307166427820944
    t0_value
    1.82805
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    change_pct
    7.2979404283252665
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    7
    series_code
    RETAIL_INCLTAX_FR_DIESEL
    series_kind
    tax-inclusive
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-06-06
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    3.3584746384477393
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.13341000000000003
    change_pct_from_t0
    7.2979404283252665
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    2
    normal_volatility_pct
    2.172992567750435
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    3.3584746384477393

    Template event.price_move.outside_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint e6cef0e22583e0f45a38fdefe4f5a25b00757079849638cd3dba1bae58c5e76f · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  14. In the 30 days after Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022, France's tax-inclusive diesel price moved +16.5%, which is 7.6 times its normal week-to-week variation over the previous three years — outside that range.

    about FranceCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    2.1301900000000002
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    1.374908341795043
    t0_value
    1.82805
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    change_pct
    16.527994310877727
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    offset_days
    30
    series_code
    RETAIL_INCLTAX_FR_DIESEL
    series_kind
    tax-inclusive
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-06-27
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    7.606097948134328
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.3021400000000003
    change_pct_from_t0
    16.527994310877727
    observation_gap_days
    4
    normal_volatility_pct
    2.172992567750435
    change_in_volatility_units
    7.606097948134328
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (week-to-week)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    2.1301900000000002
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    1.374908341795043
    t0_value
    1.82805
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    change_pct
    16.527994310877727
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    30
    series_code
    RETAIL_INCLTAX_FR_DIESEL
    series_kind
    tax-inclusive
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-06-27
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    7.606097948134328
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.3021400000000003
    change_pct_from_t0
    16.527994310877727
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    4
    normal_volatility_pct
    2.172992567750435
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    7.606097948134328

    Template event.price_move.outside_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint fec36fb00d7da96d935be8a98f7d14e6bbbf0f90c9c0fde85be96159ca28aabd · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  15. In the 90 days after Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022, France's tax-inclusive diesel price moved +6.6%, which is 3.0 times its normal week-to-week variation over the previous three years — outside that range.

    about FranceCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    1.94881
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    -0.07005989365193534
    t0_value
    1.82805
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    change_pct
    6.605946226853749
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    offset_days
    90
    series_code
    RETAIL_INCLTAX_FR_DIESEL
    series_kind
    tax-inclusive
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-08-29
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    3.04002246712352
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.12075999999999998
    change_pct_from_t0
    6.605946226853749
    observation_gap_days
    1
    normal_volatility_pct
    2.172992567750435
    change_in_volatility_units
    3.04002246712352
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (week-to-week)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    1.94881
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    -0.07005989365193534
    t0_value
    1.82805
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    change_pct
    6.605946226853749
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    90
    series_code
    RETAIL_INCLTAX_FR_DIESEL
    series_kind
    tax-inclusive
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-08-29
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    3.04002246712352
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.12075999999999998
    change_pct_from_t0
    6.605946226853749
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    1
    normal_volatility_pct
    2.172992567750435
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    3.04002246712352

    Template event.price_move.outside_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint 5cc23cd2ec1a44c770f41a8cbd1253af94ec9df87045730ff40a30864e2e19ca · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  16. In the 7 days after Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022, France's tax-component diesel price moved +2.4%, which is 3.4 times its normal week-to-week variation over the previous three years — outside that range.

    about FranceCalculatedMedium
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    0.93601
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    0.030725432965709266
    t0_value
    0.91378
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    change_pct
    2.4327518658758094
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    offset_days
    7
    series_code
    TAX_COMPONENT_FR_DIESEL
    series_kind
    tax-component
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-06-06
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    3.3680897908825855
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.022229999999999972
    change_pct_from_t0
    2.4327518658758094
    observation_gap_days
    2
    normal_volatility_pct
    0.7222942430042291
    change_in_volatility_units
    3.3680897908825855
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (week-to-week)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    0.93601
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    0.030725432965709266
    t0_value
    0.91378
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    change_pct
    2.4327518658758094
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    7
    series_code
    TAX_COMPONENT_FR_DIESEL
    series_kind
    tax-component
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-06-06
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    3.3680897908825855
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.022229999999999972
    change_pct_from_t0
    2.4327518658758094
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    2
    normal_volatility_pct
    0.7222942430042291
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    3.3680897908825855

    Template event.price_move.outside_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint ae7640381e04f28f9b3d386453950684b98eeadc5f6fdf5b27b4c2a48651d486 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  17. In the 30 days after Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022, France's tax-component diesel price moved +5.5%, which is 7.6 times its normal week-to-week variation over the previous three years — outside that range.

    about FranceCalculatedMedium
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    0.9641300000000003
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    1.37472414962595
    t0_value
    0.91378
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    change_pct
    5.510079012453788
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    offset_days
    30
    series_code
    TAX_COMPONENT_FR_DIESEL
    series_kind
    tax-component
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-06-27
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    7.628579440887952
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.05035000000000023
    change_pct_from_t0
    5.510079012453788
    observation_gap_days
    4
    normal_volatility_pct
    0.7222942430042291
    change_in_volatility_units
    7.628579440887952
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (week-to-week)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    0.9641300000000003
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    1.37472414962595
    t0_value
    0.91378
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    change_pct
    5.510079012453788
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    30
    series_code
    TAX_COMPONENT_FR_DIESEL
    series_kind
    tax-component
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-06-27
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    7.628579440887952
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.05035000000000023
    change_pct_from_t0
    5.510079012453788
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    4
    normal_volatility_pct
    0.7222942430042291
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    7.628579440887952

    Template event.price_move.outside_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint bbc27283df23b8ab1fbec0e36233b209904410873931242385b3cd4e390eda77 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  18. In the 90 days after Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022, France's tax-component diesel price moved +2.2%, which is 3.0 times its normal week-to-week variation over the previous three years — outside that range.

    about FranceCalculatedMedium
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    0.9339
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    -0.07012226590175721
    t0_value
    0.91378
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    change_pct
    2.2018428943509285
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    offset_days
    90
    series_code
    TAX_COMPONENT_FR_DIESEL
    series_kind
    tax-component
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-08-29
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    3.048401556120442
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.020119999999999916
    change_pct_from_t0
    2.2018428943509285
    observation_gap_days
    1
    normal_volatility_pct
    0.7222942430042291
    change_in_volatility_units
    3.048401556120442
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (week-to-week)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    0.9339
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    z_score
    -0.07012226590175721
    t0_value
    0.91378
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    change_pct
    2.2018428943509285
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    90
    series_code
    TAX_COMPONENT_FR_DIESEL
    series_kind
    tax-component
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-08-29
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    3.048401556120442
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.020119999999999916
    change_pct_from_t0
    2.2018428943509285
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    1
    normal_volatility_pct
    0.7222942430042291
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    3.048401556120442

    Template event.price_move.outside_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint 04a4b96f794131d7f0cb0ceadb5448f1674a3eda857fe3ac953b2c10162a702f · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  19. Over the 4 weeks after Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022, crude costs alone would have moved France's pre-tax petrol price by +4.0 c/L (range +1.7–+6.2); it actually moved +10.3 c/L, leaving +6.3 c/L not explained by crude.

    about FranceCalculatedMedium
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    weeks
    4
    status
    COMPUTED
    country
    France
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    gap_label
    NOT_EXPLAINED_BY_CRUDE
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    series_code
    CRUDE_ONLY_EXPECTED_FR_EURO_SUPER_95
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    offset_weeks
    4
    proxy_product
    GASOLINE
    proxy_to_date
    2022-06-27
    pass_through_k
    2
    proxy_from_date
    2022-05-27
    observation_date
    2022-06-27
    gap_eur_per_litre
    0.06334938077961508
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","eia_brent_rbrte"]
    anchor_period_start
    2022-05-30
    actual_eur_per_litre
    0.1031700000000002
    expected_eur_per_litre
    0.03982061922038513
    proxy_volatility_units
    -0.0631714707771465
    pass_through_sample_end
    2026-09-14
    proxy_change_usd_per_bbl
    -5.850000000000001
    pass_through_sample_start
    2023-09-25
    pass_through_window_label
    ROLLING_156W
    expected_low_eur_per_litre
    0.017392906811594184
    expected_high_eur_per_litre
    0.06224833162917589
    proxy_normal_volatility_pct
    181.24455741814873
    Thresholds
    source
    docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §7.7; horizons are a v1 choice of this module
    proxy_rule
    the proxy sentence is added only when the US crack spread proxy moved by at least UNUSUAL_MOVE_VOLATILITY_UNITS of its normal day-to-day variation over the same weeks
    confidence_cap
    MEDIUM (docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §7.5)
    statement_weeks
    [4,13]
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    weeks
    4
    status
    COMPUTED
    country
    France
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    gap_label
    NOT_EXPLAINED_BY_CRUDE
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    series_code
    CRUDE_ONLY_EXPECTED_FR_EURO_SUPER_95
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    offset_weeks
    4
    proxy_product
    GASOLINE
    proxy_to_date
    2022-06-27
    pass_through_k
    2
    proxy_from_date
    2022-05-27
    statement_topic
    event
    observation_date
    2022-06-27
    gap_eur_per_litre
    0.06334938077961508
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","eia_brent_rbrte"]
    anchor_period_start
    2022-05-30
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    actual_eur_per_litre
    0.1031700000000002
    expected_eur_per_litre
    0.03982061922038513
    proxy_volatility_units
    -0.0631714707771465
    pass_through_sample_end
    2026-09-14
    proxy_change_usd_per_bbl
    -5.850000000000001
    pass_through_sample_start
    2023-09-25
    pass_through_window_label
    ROLLING_156W
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    expected_low_eur_per_litre
    0.017392906811594184
    expected_high_eur_per_litre
    0.06224833162917589
    proxy_normal_volatility_pct
    181.24455741814873

    Template event.crude_only.computed v1.1 · Fingerprint 050edd687848b4a154318ad878271438acc7eef896d894e19bf41559e43483f4 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  20. Over the 13 weeks after Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022, crude costs alone would have moved France's pre-tax petrol price by -1.8 c/L (range -10.4–+6.9); it actually moved -15.3 c/L, leaving -13.5 c/L not explained by crude.

    about FranceCalculatedMedium
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    weeks
    13
    status
    COMPUTED
    country
    France
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    gap_label
    NOT_EXPLAINED_BY_CRUDE
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    series_code
    CRUDE_ONLY_EXPECTED_FR_EURO_SUPER_95
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    offset_weeks
    13
    proxy_product
    GASOLINE
    proxy_to_date
    2022-08-26
    pass_through_k
    2
    proxy_from_date
    2022-05-27
    observation_date
    2022-08-29
    gap_eur_per_litre
    -0.13515926044452237
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","eia_brent_rbrte"]
    anchor_period_start
    2022-05-30
    actual_eur_per_litre
    -0.15272999999999992
    expected_eur_per_litre
    -0.017570739555477548
    proxy_volatility_units
    -0.3403268500876152
    pass_through_sample_end
    2026-09-14
    proxy_change_usd_per_bbl
    -31.516000000000002
    pass_through_sample_start
    2023-09-25
    pass_through_window_label
    ROLLING_156W
    expected_low_eur_per_litre
    -0.10425005031179327
    expected_high_eur_per_litre
    0.06910857120083813
    proxy_normal_volatility_pct
    181.24455741814873
    Thresholds
    source
    docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §7.7; horizons are a v1 choice of this module
    proxy_rule
    the proxy sentence is added only when the US crack spread proxy moved by at least UNUSUAL_MOVE_VOLATILITY_UNITS of its normal day-to-day variation over the same weeks
    confidence_cap
    MEDIUM (docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §7.5)
    statement_weeks
    [4,13]
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    weeks
    13
    status
    COMPUTED
    country
    France
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    gap_label
    NOT_EXPLAINED_BY_CRUDE
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    series_code
    CRUDE_ONLY_EXPECTED_FR_EURO_SUPER_95
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    offset_weeks
    13
    proxy_product
    GASOLINE
    proxy_to_date
    2022-08-26
    pass_through_k
    2
    proxy_from_date
    2022-05-27
    statement_topic
    event
    observation_date
    2022-08-29
    gap_eur_per_litre
    -0.13515926044452237
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","eia_brent_rbrte"]
    anchor_period_start
    2022-05-30
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    actual_eur_per_litre
    -0.15272999999999992
    expected_eur_per_litre
    -0.017570739555477548
    proxy_volatility_units
    -0.3403268500876152
    pass_through_sample_end
    2026-09-14
    proxy_change_usd_per_bbl
    -31.516000000000002
    pass_through_sample_start
    2023-09-25
    pass_through_window_label
    ROLLING_156W
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    expected_low_eur_per_litre
    -0.10425005031179327
    expected_high_eur_per_litre
    0.06910857120083813
    proxy_normal_volatility_pct
    181.24455741814873

    Template event.crude_only.computed v1.1 · Fingerprint 0eb2b9a34315705159771bb2471972442de4cefe472afccab2b1c1706e8da4e9 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  21. What crude costs alone would have done to France's pre-tax diesel price over the 4 weeks after Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022 is UNKNOWN: Neither the most recent three-year pass-through window nor the full sample has a COMPUTED estimate for this country and fuel (docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §4.5), so there is no measured crude response to project. No substitute such as full pass-through is used (docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §7.2).

    about FranceUnknownUnknown
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    weeks
    4
    status
    UNKNOWN
    country
    France
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    gap_label
    NOT_EXPLAINED_BY_CRUDE
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    reason_code
    NO_COMPUTED_PASS_THROUGH_ESTIMATE
    series_code
    CRUDE_ONLY_EXPECTED_FR_DIESEL
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    proxy_product
    null
    gap_eur_per_litre
    null
    actual_eur_per_litre
    null
    expected_eur_per_litre
    null
    proxy_volatility_units
    null
    proxy_change_usd_per_bbl
    null
    pass_through_window_label
    null
    expected_low_eur_per_litre
    null
    expected_high_eur_per_litre
    null
    Thresholds
    source
    docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §7.7; horizons are a v1 choice of this module
    proxy_rule
    the proxy sentence is added only when the US crack spread proxy moved by at least UNUSUAL_MOVE_VOLATILITY_UNITS of its normal day-to-day variation over the same weeks
    confidence_cap
    MEDIUM (docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §7.5)
    statement_weeks
    [4,13]
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    weeks
    4
    status
    UNKNOWN
    country
    France
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    gap_label
    NOT_EXPLAINED_BY_CRUDE
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    reason_code
    NO_COMPUTED_PASS_THROUGH_ESTIMATE
    series_code
    CRUDE_ONLY_EXPECTED_FR_DIESEL
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    proxy_product
    null
    statement_topic
    event
    gap_eur_per_litre
    null
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    actual_eur_per_litre
    null
    expected_eur_per_litre
    null
    proxy_volatility_units
    null
    proxy_change_usd_per_bbl
    null
    pass_through_window_label
    null
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    expected_low_eur_per_litre
    null
    expected_high_eur_per_litre
    null

    Template event.crude_only.unknown v1.1 · Fingerprint d868ad67737e0aef27a90590990c8bf17d02bc4bae52aec41fcf099cbd7653b7 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  22. Direct physical dependence on Hormuz-linked crude was moderate (4%–20%) for France in 2022-06. No point estimate is published: the origins concerned export from both inside and outside the Persian Gulf and the split per period is not public.

    about FranceCalculatedMedium
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    band
    moderate
    unit
    % of imported tonnes
    period
    2022-06
    status
    NO_OBSERVATION
    country
    France
    commodity
    crude
    dimension
    DIRECT_CRUDE
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    value_max_pct
    20.1022167487685
    value_min_pct
    4.31077586206897
    exposure_status
    RANGE_ONLY
    value_point_pct
    null
    observation_date
    2022-06-01
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/METHODOLOGY.md §9 publishes no bands
    band_applied_to
    upper bound of the range (docs/HORMUZ_METHOD.md §3.2: a range has no meaningful midpoint)
    dependence_limited_max_pct
    10
    dependence_moderate_max_pct
    33
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    band
    moderate
    unit
    % of imported tonnes
    period
    2022-06
    status
    NO_OBSERVATION
    country
    France
    commodity
    crude
    dimension
    DIRECT_CRUDE
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    value_max_pct
    20.1022167487685
    value_min_pct
    4.31077586206897
    exposure_status
    RANGE_ONLY
    statement_topic
    hormuz
    value_point_pct
    null
    observation_date
    2022-06-01
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0

    Template event.dependence.range v1.1 · Fingerprint a2cb48f6c63fdb76d50d3b202fbc845e4a162a3dc28dcadbceef1b1460bb5203 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  23. Direct physical dependence on Hormuz-linked refined product was moderate (9%–27%) for France in 2022-06. No point estimate is published: the origins concerned export from both inside and outside the Persian Gulf and the split per period is not public.

    about FranceCalculatedMedium
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    band
    moderate
    unit
    % of imported tonnes
    period
    2022-06
    status
    NO_OBSERVATION
    country
    France
    commodity
    refined product
    dimension
    DIRECT_PRODUCT
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    value_max_pct
    27.2625698324022
    value_min_pct
    8.75232774674116
    exposure_status
    PARTIAL
    value_point_pct
    null
    observation_date
    2022-06-01
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/METHODOLOGY.md §9 publishes no bands
    band_applied_to
    upper bound of the range (docs/HORMUZ_METHOD.md §3.2: a range has no meaningful midpoint)
    dependence_limited_max_pct
    10
    dependence_moderate_max_pct
    33
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    band
    moderate
    unit
    % of imported tonnes
    period
    2022-06
    status
    NO_OBSERVATION
    country
    France
    commodity
    refined product
    dimension
    DIRECT_PRODUCT
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    value_max_pct
    27.2625698324022
    value_min_pct
    8.75232774674116
    exposure_status
    PARTIAL
    statement_topic
    hormuz
    value_point_pct
    null
    observation_date
    2022-06-01
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0

    Template event.dependence.range v1.1 · Fingerprint 1419a0a0d464051186c5c88404ca3eccb34200ffad3183815bfd3115f43500c1 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  24. Available evidence does not show a physical supply reduction: France's reported crude imports in 2022-06 were +4.7% against the mean of the previous 12 months.

    about FranceCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    unit
    tonnes
    month
    2022-06
    country
    France
    change_pct
    4.685734103070002
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    partner_role
    ORIGIN
    value_tonnes
    3248000
    baseline_months
    12
    observation_date
    2022-06-01
    series_source_ids
    ["eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm"]
    baseline_mean_tonnes
    3102619.5
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/METHODOLOGY.md publishes no cut-off
    min_baseline_months
    6
    baseline_months_used
    12
    supply_reduction_pct
    -10
    supply_baseline_months
    12
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    unit
    tonnes
    month
    2022-06
    country
    France
    change_pct
    4.685734103070002
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    partner_role
    ORIGIN
    value_tonnes
    3248000
    baseline_months
    12
    statement_topic
    event
    observation_date
    2022-06-01
    series_source_ids
    ["eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm"]
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    baseline_mean_tonnes
    3102619.5
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0

    Template event.supply.no_reduction v1.1 · Fingerprint 5793ad87e585b2172b9821b429184a8706a3a6a48886863cfbe4938f18978d02 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  25. In 2022-06, France's oil stocks stood 6.7% below their trailing 12-month mean, with 98.0 days of cover (as published).

    about FranceCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    unit
    tonnes
    month
    2022-06
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    direction
    below
    siec_code
    O4000
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    holder_type
    STK_CL
    series_code
    INVENTORY_FR
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    days_of_cover
    98
    metric_status
    COMPUTED
    mom_change_pct
    -2.5349827621172176
    observation_date
    2022-06-01
    series_source_ids
    ["eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm"]
    total_stock_tonnes
    19224000
    days_of_cover_basis
    as published by Eurostat (nrg_stk_oem, STK_EUE_DIR); not stocks divided by consumption (docs/HORMUZ_METHOD.md D7)
    observation_gap_days
    0
    trailing_12m_mean_tonnes
    20597500
    level_vs_trailing_12m_pct
    -6.6682849860419955
    trailing_12m_observations
    12
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/METHODOLOGY.md publishes no band
    band_applied_to
    the rounded figure printed in the sentence
    days_of_cover_basis
    as published (Eurostat nrg_stk_oem, STK_EUE_DIR); never stocks divided by consumption (docs/HORMUZ_METHOD.md D7)
    trailing_window_months
    12
    level_vs_trailing_12m_pct_raw
    -6.6682849860419955
    level_vs_trailing_12m_pct_shown
    -6.7
    inventory_material_deviation_pct
    5
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    unit
    tonnes
    month
    2022-06
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    France
    direction
    below
    siec_code
    O4000
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    holder_type
    STK_CL
    series_code
    INVENTORY_FR
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    days_of_cover
    98
    metric_status
    COMPUTED
    mom_change_pct
    -2.5349827621172176
    statement_topic
    event
    observation_date
    2022-06-01
    series_source_ids
    ["eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm"]
    total_stock_tonnes
    19224000
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    days_of_cover_basis
    as published by Eurostat (nrg_stk_oem, STK_EUE_DIR); not stocks divided by consumption (docs/HORMUZ_METHOD.md D7)
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    0
    trailing_12m_mean_tonnes
    20597500
    level_vs_trailing_12m_pct
    -6.6682849860419955
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    trailing_12m_observations
    12

    Template event.inventory_level.below v1.1 · Fingerprint 271ee3bd61a81d761412f11786cda0a9f4a6878964de36ab76552973f7a1b3ea · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  26. Summary of what can be checked here

    Only part of the chain can be checked for France around Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022: 4 of the 8 series the method compares are available (crude benchmark, inventories, pre-tax pump price and pump price with tax), while refined-product benchmark, refining margin, freight rates and wholesale prices are not. Any claim that rests on the missing links cannot be tested here. Direct physical dependence on Hormuz-linked crude was moderate (4–20%) over the period covered. This page describes what each series did around the event date. It is not a finding about cause: no causal design is published for this site, and a series that moved in the same window may have moved for other reasons.

    about FranceUnknownUnknown
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    country
    France
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    dependence_band
    moderate
    dependence_range
    4–20%
    channels_available
    ["crude benchmark","inventories","pre-tax pump price","pump price with tax"]
    supply_template_id
    event.supply.no_reduction
    channels_unavailable
    ["refined-product benchmark","refining margin","freight rates","wholesale prices"]
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; the channel list is docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.3
    channels_total
    8
    channels_available
    4
    verdict_partial_min_channels
    3
    verdict_assessable_min_channels
    8
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    country
    France
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    country_iso2
    FR
    country_name
    France
    country_slug
    france
    dependence_band
    moderate
    statement_topic
    event
    dependence_range
    4–20%
    channels_available
    ["crude benchmark","inventories","pre-tax pump price","pump price with tax"]
    supply_template_id
    event.supply.no_reduction
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    channels_unavailable
    ["refined-product benchmark","refining margin","freight rates","wholesale prices"]
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0

    Template event.verdict.partial v1.1 · Fingerprint 1d42b68f0bf845e674cf41247668c7eff94c4cc18faa104c1f4af088e549210c · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  27. In the 7 days after Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022, the Brent crude benchmark moved +5.7%, which is 1.3 times its normal day-to-day variation over the previous three years — within that range.

    about the event as a wholeCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    unit
    $/BBL
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    129.2
    status
    OBSERVED
    z_score
    2.0172282715868546
    t0_value
    122.2
    benchmark
    Brent crude
    change_pct
    5.7283142389525255
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    offset_days
    7
    series_code
    BRENT
    variation_label
    day-to-day
    observation_date
    2022-06-08
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    1.2799598046880034
    series_source_ids
    ["eia_brent_rbrte"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    6.999999999999986
    change_pct_from_t0
    5.7283142389525255
    observation_gap_days
    0
    normal_volatility_pct
    4.4753860378832995
    change_in_volatility_units
    1.2799598046880034
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (day-to-day)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    unit
    $/BBL
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    129.2
    status
    OBSERVED
    z_score
    2.0172282715868546
    t0_value
    122.2
    benchmark
    Brent crude
    change_pct
    5.7283142389525255
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    7
    series_code
    BRENT
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    day-to-day
    observation_date
    2022-06-08
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    1.2799598046880034
    series_source_ids
    ["eia_brent_rbrte"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    6.999999999999986
    change_pct_from_t0
    5.7283142389525255
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    0
    normal_volatility_pct
    4.4753860378832995
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    1.2799598046880034

    Template event.benchmark_move.within_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint f87dd225bc59dba803e038025a29e47ed148997fb21d856c0cd78839753ee67a · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  28. In the 30 days after Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022, the Brent crude benchmark moved -2.4%, which is 0.5 times its normal day-to-day variation over the previous three years — within that range.

    about the event as a wholeCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    unit
    $/BBL
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    119.21
    status
    OBSERVED
    z_score
    0.8887326572425913
    t0_value
    122.2
    benchmark
    Brent crude
    change_pct
    -2.4468085106383053
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    offset_days
    30
    series_code
    BRENT
    variation_label
    day-to-day
    observation_date
    2022-07-01
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    -0.5467256880024499
    series_source_ids
    ["eia_brent_rbrte"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    -2.990000000000009
    change_pct_from_t0
    -2.4468085106383053
    observation_gap_days
    0
    normal_volatility_pct
    4.4753860378832995
    change_in_volatility_units
    -0.5467256880024499
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (day-to-day)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    unit
    $/BBL
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    119.21
    status
    OBSERVED
    z_score
    0.8887326572425913
    t0_value
    122.2
    benchmark
    Brent crude
    change_pct
    -2.4468085106383053
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    30
    series_code
    BRENT
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    day-to-day
    observation_date
    2022-07-01
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    -0.5467256880024499
    series_source_ids
    ["eia_brent_rbrte"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    -2.990000000000009
    change_pct_from_t0
    -2.4468085106383053
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    0
    normal_volatility_pct
    4.4753860378832995
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    -0.5467256880024499

    Template event.benchmark_move.within_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint fad3fa12c4cda01a6223521c8666f80ff0cc67ef8185a2d6e383ba814fecdcc1 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  29. In the 90 days after Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022, the Brent crude benchmark moved -18.7%, which is 4.2 times its normal day-to-day variation over the previous three years — outside that range.

    about the event as a wholeCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    unit
    $/BBL
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    99.34
    status
    OBSERVED
    z_score
    -1.355832693810513
    t0_value
    122.2
    benchmark
    Brent crude
    change_pct
    -18.707037643207855
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    offset_days
    90
    series_code
    BRENT
    variation_label
    day-to-day
    observation_date
    2022-08-30
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    -4.179983019309688
    series_source_ids
    ["eia_brent_rbrte"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    -22.86
    change_pct_from_t0
    -18.707037643207855
    observation_gap_days
    0
    normal_volatility_pct
    4.4753860378832995
    change_in_volatility_units
    -4.179983019309688
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (day-to-day)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    unit
    $/BBL
    event
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    value
    99.34
    status
    OBSERVED
    z_score
    -1.355832693810513
    t0_value
    122.2
    benchmark
    Brent crude
    change_pct
    -18.707037643207855
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    90
    series_code
    BRENT
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    day-to-day
    observation_date
    2022-08-30
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    -4.179983019309688
    series_source_ids
    ["eia_brent_rbrte"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    -22.86
    change_pct_from_t0
    -18.707037643207855
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    0
    normal_volatility_pct
    4.4753860378832995
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    -4.179983019309688

    Template event.benchmark_move.outside_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint 3c93fc5aedb651c26598bd6d9310189a42a1c8df629f57a43bf0be16cf35bb23 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  30. Freight rates reaction cannot be assessed: tanker freight rates are licensed such that public display, onward passing and derived data are all expressly prohibited, verified verbatim, and no open institution publishes a tanker rate.

    about the event as a wholeUnknownUnknown
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    channels
    ["freight rates"]
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    reason_code
    NO_LICENSED_FREIGHT_SOURCE
    Thresholds
    source
    CLAUDE.md §1; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.1 (a series with no licensed source is visible as a gap)
    any_missing_channel_is_disclosed
    true
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    channels
    ["freight rates"]
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    reason_code
    NO_LICENSED_FREIGHT_SOURCE
    statement_topic
    event
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0

    Template event.channel.unavailable v1.1 · Fingerprint 5682d55cccd2b29a396302436312a88aeeb0ee29362398f48b45370bc339e780 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  31. Refined-product benchmark reaction cannot be assessed: EU refined-product benchmarks (Platts / Argus) are proprietary with no redistribution grant. US crack spreads are not a valid EU proxy and are not substituted.

    about the event as a wholeUnknownUnknown
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    channels
    ["refined-product benchmark"]
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    reason_code
    NO_LICENSED_PRODUCT_BENCHMARK
    Thresholds
    source
    CLAUDE.md §1; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.1 (a series with no licensed source is visible as a gap)
    any_missing_channel_is_disclosed
    true
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    channels
    ["refined-product benchmark"]
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    reason_code
    NO_LICENSED_PRODUCT_BENCHMARK
    statement_topic
    event
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0

    Template event.channel.unavailable v1.1 · Fingerprint 9f428e998d4f8e3f0b62ce0e589b72e73c5860218140f2727aa93741661c7d36 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  32. Wholesale prices reaction cannot be assessed: wholesale / rack price series are proprietary with no redistribution grant.

    about the event as a wholeUnknownUnknown
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    channels
    ["wholesale prices"]
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    reason_code
    NO_LICENSED_WHOLESALE_SERIES
    Thresholds
    source
    CLAUDE.md §1; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.1 (a series with no licensed source is visible as a gap)
    any_missing_channel_is_disclosed
    true
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    channels
    ["wholesale prices"]
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    reason_code
    NO_LICENSED_WHOLESALE_SERIES
    statement_topic
    event
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0

    Template event.channel.unavailable v1.1 · Fingerprint 56fb16ffc2601451cfda44b453655b8c4394e0f659ccd04a0f7a8a13e347bf80 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  33. Refining margin reaction cannot be assessed: no published refining-margin series is held, and computing a margin ourselves would need the licensed EU product benchmarks, which may not be republished.

    about the event as a wholeUnknownUnknown
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    channels
    ["refining margin"]
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    reason_code
    NO_REFINERY_MARGIN_SERIES
    Thresholds
    source
    CLAUDE.md §1; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.1 (a series with no licensed source is visible as a gap)
    any_missing_channel_is_disclosed
    true
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
    channels
    ["refining margin"]
    event_name
    Germany: temporary energy-tax reduction on road fuels (Tankrabatt), 2022
    event_slug
    de-tankrabatt-2022
    event_type
    TAX_CHANGE
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    reason_code
    NO_REFINERY_MARGIN_SERIES
    statement_topic
    event
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0

    Template event.channel.unavailable v1.1 · Fingerprint 98f34b162486945bf201f66ee3c233374109d50156f5d4ec98817b088ac4af77 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

What this does not show

  • It does not show that the event caused anything. No causal design is published for this site, and a series that moved in this window may have moved for other reasons.
  • A change in volatility units is not a significance test, and neither is a z-score. They measure different things and are not interchangeable.
  • Channels with no licensed or loaded source are shown as empty panels, not as flat lines. “We cannot see this” is not “this did not move”.
  • Nothing is interpolated. Where several offsets resolve to one published figure, that is what the publisher printed, and the change against the event date is zero because it is the same number.

France: supply, refineries and pump prices →

How to read the labels

  • OfficialReported directly by an official authority.
  • VerifiedReported by a third party we have verified against a primary record.
  • CalculatedComputed by us from reported inputs. The method is published on the methodology page.
  • Inferred · highNot reported. Inferred from at least two independent physical records.
  • Inferred · mediumNot reported. Inferred from strong indirect evidence, with no explicit confirmation.
  • Inferred · lowNot reported. Plausible from infrastructure or movement data only. Do not read as fact.
  • UnknownNo defensible public evidence establishes this. We are not guessing, and this is not a measurement of zero.