Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In August 2023, all 27 EU member states reported importing 7,454 kt of road diesel; the largest origins outside the EU were Saudi Arabia (7%) and India (7%), and 68% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
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Where the oil was produced
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
Total to EU member states (Aug 2023)
838.8 thousand tonnes
11% of reported EU road diesel imports
Official
Top destination countries
- France317 kt (38%)
- Germany198 kt (24%)
- Netherlands193 kt (23%)
and 2 more in the table above
Source: Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (37) | Other EU (17) | 1,645,966 | — | Summed by usSum of 16 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Germany | 614,524 | 53.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (37) | France | 450,000 | 35.2% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 405,700 | 98.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 317,000 | 24.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (37) | Poland | 297,017 | 49.4% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (37) | Spain | 289,084 | 89.3% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (37) | Netherlands | 263,756 | 44.1% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Austria | 242,436 | 73.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 208,000 | 16.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (37) | Italy | 207,478 | 50.5% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 202,919 | 49.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (17) | 202,267 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Germany | 197,771 | 17.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 192,935 | 32.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (37) | Germany | 191,517 | 16.8% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Poland | 187,770 | 31.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Other EU (17) | 182,151 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Other EU (17) | 177,398 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| India | Germany | 139,171 | 12.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Other EU (17) | 130,828 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| India | France | 119,000 | 9.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Poland | 116,519 | 19.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 99,000 | 7.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (37) | Austria | 89,658 | 27.0% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | Netherlands | 85,001 | 14.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 52,000 | 4.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 34,933 | 5.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Spain | 34,708 | 10.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 34,000 | 2.7% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| India | Netherlands | 21,457 | 3.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Other EU (17) | 13,073 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (37) | Belgium | 8,300 | 2.0% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
3 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2023-08 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the road diesel was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2023-08, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2023-08 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Denmark, Finland. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.