Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In December 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 7,111 kt of road diesel; the largest origins outside the EU were the United States (13%), and 67% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
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Where the oil was produced
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
Total to EU member states (Dec 2024)
665.0 thousand tonnes
9% of reported EU road diesel imports
Official
Top destination countries
- Austria206 kt (31%)
- Other EU (17)187 kt (28%)
- Poland185 kt (28%)
and 3 more in the table above
Source: Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (33) | Other EU (17) | 1,536,073 | — | Summed by usSum of 16 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Germany | 563,257 | 47.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (33) | France | 393,000 | 39.0% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (33) | Netherlands | 348,768 | 52.3% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Germany | 340,986 | 29.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 340,900 | 61.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (33) | Italy | 291,616 | 95.4% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | France | 276,000 | 27.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Other EU (17) | 269,385 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Germany | 217,312 | 18.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Austria | 206,099 | 72.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 202,143 | 30.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Other EU (17) | 186,887 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Poland | 184,918 | 38.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (33) | Spain | 144,203 | 36.3% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Italy | Spain | 142,116 | 35.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Belgium | 131,400 | 23.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 130,000 | 12.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Other EU (17) | 126,388 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | France | 124,000 | 12.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Poland | 115,180 | 24.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 96,418 | 24.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (17) | 93,146 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Poland | 92,758 | 19.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Netherlands | 86,611 | 13.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (33) | Poland | 86,367 | 18.0% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (33) | Belgium | 63,900 | 11.5% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (33) | Germany | 54,805 | 4.7% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (33) | Austria | 41,802 | 14.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | France | 36,000 | 3.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Austria | 35,458 | 12.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | France | 33,000 | 3.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 29,609 | 4.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Other EU (17) | 23,293 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Belgium | 21,500 | 3.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 16,000 | 1.6% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Belgium | Spain | 15,063 | 3.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Italy | 14,099 | 4.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-12 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the road diesel was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-12, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-12 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Denmark, Finland. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.