Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In May 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 7,555 kt of road diesel; the largest origins outside the EU were Saudi Arabia (15%), and 68% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
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Where the oil was produced
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
Total to EU member states (May 2025)
879.0 thousand tonnes
12% of reported EU road diesel imports
Official
Top destination countries
- Other EU (18)258 kt (29%)
- Poland208 kt (24%)
- Austria204 kt (23%)
and 3 more in the table above
Source: Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (38) | Other EU (18) | 1,504,447 | — | Summed by usSum of 17 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 656,000 | 54.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 460,871 | 44.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 395,700 | 66.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 333,516 | 52.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Other EU (18) | 323,600 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (38) | Poland | 302,611 | 50.8% | Summed by usSum of 7 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Germany | 286,046 | 27.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Other EU (18) | 257,974 | — | Summed by usSum of 7 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (38) | Italy | 243,789 | 60.2% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (38) | France | 212,000 | 17.7% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Poland | 207,585 | 34.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Austria | 204,492 | 71.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 184,720 | 29.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Spain | 182,329 | 43.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (38) | Germany | 174,004 | 16.8% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | France | 166,000 | 13.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (18) | 156,597 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 153,465 | 37.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Other EU (18) | 135,838 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | Germany | 115,011 | 11.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (38) | Netherlands | 114,793 | 18.1% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (38) | Belgium | 111,700 | 18.8% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | Spain | 95,663 | 22.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Poland | 85,936 | 14.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 84,000 | 7.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Belgium | 80,100 | 13.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (38) | Spain | 79,481 | 18.8% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Spain | 66,386 | 15.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (38) | Austria | 44,748 | 15.7% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Italy | Austria | 36,675 | 12.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 33,000 | 2.8% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Italy | France | 30,000 | 2.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 16,000 | 1.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 8,200 | 1.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Italy | 7,108 | 1.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Other EU (18) | 4,000 | 2.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Other EU (18) | 463 | 0.5% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
3 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-05 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the road diesel was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-05, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-05 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Finland. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.