Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In July 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 7,213 kt of road diesel; the largest origins outside the EU were Saudi Arabia (10%) and the United States (7%), and 63% came from other EU member states, with 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Netherlands1.05 Mt (15%)Germany868 kt (12%)Belgium793 kt (11%)Saudi Arabia708 kt (10%)United States482 kt (7%)Other origins (37)3.27 Mt (45%)Origin not reported44 kt (<1%)France1.17 Mt (16%)Germany830 kt (12%)Netherlands567 kt (8%)Poland567 kt (8%)Belgium495 kt (7%)Spain467 kt (6%)Italy430 kt (6%)Romania314 kt (4%)Other EU (18)2.38 Mt (33%)
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Where the oil was produced
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (37) | Other EU (18) | 1,590,391 | — | Summed by usSum of 17 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Other EU (18) | 491,534 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (37) | Spain | 447,073 | 95.8% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (37) | France | 400,000 | 34.3% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 397,393 | 70.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 397,100 | 80.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 365,924 | 44.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 332,000 | 28.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 300,340 | 69.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (37) | Romania | 289,000 | 92.0% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | France | 213,000 | 18.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 209,370 | 25.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Poland | 207,258 | 36.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (37) | Poland | 176,742 | 31.2% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (37) | Germany | 130,912 | 15.8% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Germany | 124,108 | 14.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Poland | 123,960 | 21.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (18) | 119,450 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Other EU (18) | 96,752 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (37) | Italy | 92,068 | 21.4% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | France | 89,000 | 7.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (37) | Netherlands | 88,673 | 15.6% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Netherlands | 80,870 | 14.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Poland | 58,745 | 10.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (37) | Belgium | 53,700 | 10.9% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | Other EU (18) | 50,621 | 52.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 47,000 | 4.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 44,000 | 3.8% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Germany | Belgium | 41,500 | 8.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 41,000 | 3.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Italy | 36,509 | 8.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Other EU (18) | 27,607 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | Romania | 25,000 | 8.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Spain | 19,817 | 4.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Belgium | 2,600 | 0.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Italy | 1,135 | 0.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2025-07 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-07 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the road diesel was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-07, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-07 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Finland. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.