Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In November 2023, all 27 EU member states reported importing 7,836 kt of road diesel; the largest origins outside the EU were India (8%) and the United Arab Emirates (6%), and 63% came from other EU member states, with 1% not attributed to any country.
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Where the oil was produced
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
Total to EU member states (Nov 2023)
1.37 million tonnes
17% of reported EU road diesel imports
Official
Top destination countries
- Germany655 kt (48%)
- Belgium351 kt (26%)
- France100 kt (7%)
and 3 more in the table above
Source: Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (38) | Other EU (17) | 1,536,851 | — | Summed by usSum of 16 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (38) | France | 926,000 | 68.7% | Summed by usSum of 7 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Germany | 654,872 | 46.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 350,700 | 63.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 341,224 | 24.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (38) | Germany | 325,202 | 23.0% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Italy | Other EU (17) | 258,346 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (38) | Ireland | 240,745 | 76.8% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (38) | Poland | 239,137 | 48.6% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| India | Netherlands | 229,620 | 30.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Austria | 224,743 | 71.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (38) | Netherlands | 213,129 | 28.7% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (38) | Belgium | 199,200 | 36.2% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Netherlands | 180,682 | 24.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Other EU (17) | 166,440 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Italy | Spain | 154,297 | 32.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (38) | Spain | 143,586 | 30.4% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| India | France | 138,000 | 10.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Spain | 127,347 | 26.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 119,690 | 16.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Poland | 104,463 | 21.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 103,000 | 7.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 100,000 | 7.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Germany | 89,811 | 6.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (17) | 84,233 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Poland | 83,167 | 16.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Other EU (17) | 78,000 | 31.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Other EU (17) | 66,204 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (38) | Austria | 63,773 | 20.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | France | 61,000 | 4.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Ireland | 47,488 | 15.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 47,364 | 10.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Poland | 33,003 | 6.7% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Belgium | Poland | 32,598 | 6.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Austria | 27,885 | 8.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Ireland | 25,081 | 8.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 16,000 | 1.2% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Italy | France | 3,000 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2023-11 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the road diesel was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2023-11, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2023-11 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Denmark, Finland. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.