Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In February 2025, 26 of 27 EU member states reported importing 6,240 kt of road diesel; the largest origins outside the EU were Saudi Arabia (8%) and the United States (5%), and 72% came from other EU member states, with 2% not attributed to any country.
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Where the oil was produced
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
Total to EU member states (Feb 2025)
1.06 million tonnes
17% of reported EU road diesel imports
Official
Top destination countries
- Belgium423 kt (40%)
- Germany422 kt (40%)
- Other EU (16)83 kt (8%)
and 3 more in the table above
Source: Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (34) | Other EU (16) | 1,191,875 | — | Summed by usSum of 15 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 423,300 | 86.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 422,150 | 48.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 344,000 | 32.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 312,479 | 43.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (34) | Slovenia | 269,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Netherlands | 240,423 | 33.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (34) | Poland | 239,404 | 43.1% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (34) | Italy | 228,632 | 60.0% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Other EU (16) | 209,104 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (34) | France | 207,000 | 19.5% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Austria | 205,984 | 78.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 172,789 | 19.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (34) | Germany | 169,029 | 19.3% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (34) | Netherlands | 167,838 | 23.3% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Poland | 162,499 | 29.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 151,787 | 39.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | France | 139,000 | 13.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Other EU (16) | 137,856 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | France | 131,000 | 12.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 130,000 | 12.3% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| United States | Germany | 109,663 | 12.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (16) | 83,466 | — | Summed by usSum of 7 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Poland | 78,563 | 14.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Poland | 74,374 | 13.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 60,000 | 5.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (34) | Austria | 57,550 | 21.8% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (34) | Belgium | 57,300 | 11.7% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | France | 49,000 | 4.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 8,800 | 1.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Other EU (16) | 5,365 | 8.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Italy | 444 | 0.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
3 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-02 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the road diesel was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-02, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-02 (requested; 26 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Denmark, Finland, Hungary. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.