Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In March 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 8,340 kt of road diesel; the largest origins outside the EU were Saudi Arabia (9%) and the United States (7%), and 61% came from other EU member states, with 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Netherlands1.45 Mt (17%)Germany923 kt (11%)Saudi Arabia748 kt (9%)Belgium710 kt (9%)United States608 kt (7%)Other origins (33)3.84 Mt (46%)Origin not reported60 kt (<1%)France1.65 Mt (20%)Germany883 kt (11%)Netherlands882 kt (11%)Spain721 kt (9%)Belgium650 kt (8%)Poland523 kt (6%)Italy337 kt (4%)Croatia312 kt (4%)Other EU (17)2.38 Mt (28%)
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Where the oil was produced
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (33) | Other EU (17) | 1,418,191 | — | Summed by usSum of 16 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (33) | France | 610,000 | 36.9% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 506,000 | 30.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Other EU (17) | 477,375 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Germany | 453,025 | 51.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 397,800 | 61.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (33) | Spain | 387,261 | 53.7% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (33) | Italy | 326,610 | 96.8% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (33) | Croatia | 311,921 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (33) | Netherlands | 286,578 | 32.5% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 280,994 | 31.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 224,963 | 25.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (33) | Belgium | 211,000 | 32.5% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | France | 201,000 | 12.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 200,097 | 22.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 192,492 | 26.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (17) | 184,920 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Poland | 176,857 | 33.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (33) | Poland | 147,773 | 28.2% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (33) | Germany | 139,466 | 15.8% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | France | 139,000 | 8.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Other EU (17) | 119,877 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Poland | 113,035 | 21.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 101,000 | 6.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Germany | 90,879 | 10.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Other EU (17) | 89,506 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | Other EU (17) | 86,215 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Poland | 85,645 | 16.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Spain | 83,026 | 11.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Netherlands | 62,307 | 7.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 60,000 | 3.6% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Saudi Arabia | Spain | 58,261 | 8.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 37,000 | 2.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Belgium | 35,000 | 5.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Netherlands | 27,566 | 3.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Italy | 10,229 | 3.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 6,300 | 1.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Italy | 376 | 0.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2024-03 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-03 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the road diesel was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-03, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-03 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Denmark, Finland. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.