Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In October 2023, all 27 EU member states reported importing 7,451 kt of road diesel, and 67% came from other EU member states, with 1% not attributed to any country.
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Where the oil was produced
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
Total road diesel imports reported (Oct 2023)
680.7 thousand tonnes
9% of reported EU road diesel imports
Official
Top origin countries
- Other origins (38)386 kt (57%)
- Germany129 kt (19%)
- Belgium82 kt (12%)
and 2 more in the table above
Source: Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (38) | Other EU (17) | 1,617,415 | — | Summed by usSum of 15 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (38) | France | 599,000 | 44.8% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Germany | 579,856 | 53.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 451,700 | 89.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (38) | Poland | 385,875 | 56.7% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Spain | France | 326,000 | 24.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (38) | Italy | 310,470 | 99.8% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (38) | Germany | 301,213 | 27.6% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Italy | Other EU (17) | 259,472 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (38) | Netherlands | 247,883 | 43.9% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Austria | 230,859 | 73.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 210,613 | 19.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (38) | Spain | 203,237 | 53.2% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 176,722 | 31.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 174,000 | 13.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Other EU (17) | 167,404 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Netherlands | 139,790 | 24.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Poland | 129,013 | 19.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | France | 96,000 | 7.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 91,110 | 23.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 84,000 | 6.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Poland | 82,029 | 12.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (17) | 77,608 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Other EU (17) | 72,224 | 83.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Other EU (17) | 67,074 | 33.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Spain | 66,492 | 17.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (38) | Austria | 53,893 | 17.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Poland | 50,901 | 7.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (38) | Belgium | 50,400 | 9.9% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Origin not reported | Poland | 32,909 | 4.8% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Origin not reported | France | 32,000 | 2.4% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Italy | Austria | 31,274 | 9.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 26,000 | 1.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Spain | 21,181 | 5.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 5,000 | 1.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Italy | 364 | 0.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
2 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2023-10 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the road diesel was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2023-10, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2023-10 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Denmark, Finland. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.