Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In January 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 8,099 kt of road diesel; the largest origins outside the EU were Saudi Arabia (12%), India (9%) and the United States (7%), and 55% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
Saudi Arabia939 kt (12%)India726 kt (9%)United States547 kt (7%)United Arab Emirates363 kt (4%)United Kingdom328 kt (4%)Qatar165 kt (2%)Other origins outside the EU563 kt (7%)Netherlands1.58 Mt (19%)Germany694 kt (9%)Belgium548 kt (7%)Italy290 kt (4%)Greece195 kt (2%)Spain182 kt (2%)Other EU member states981 kt (12%)Origin not reported2.1 kt (<1%)France1.45 Mt (18%)Netherlands1.12 Mt (14%)Germany958 kt (12%)Poland585 kt (7%)Italy557 kt (7%)Belgium487 kt (6%)Spain454 kt (6%)Austria293 kt (4%)Ireland263 kt (3%)Czechia245 kt (3%)Croatia245 kt (3%)Sweden240 kt (3%)Slovenia234 kt (3%)Slovakia162 kt (2%)Hungary147 kt (2%)Romania128 kt (2%)Portugal103 kt (1%)Luxembourg95 kt (1%)Latvia92 kt (1%)Estonia62 kt (<1%)Greece52 kt (<1%)Bulgaria40 kt (<1%)Cyprus40 kt (<1%)Lithuania36 kt (<1%)Malta11 kt (<1%)
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Where the oil was produced
- Saudi Arabia939 kt (12%)
- India726 kt (9%)
- United States547 kt (7%)
- United Arab Emirates363 kt (4%)
- United Kingdom328 kt (4%)
- Qatar165 kt (2%)
- Other origins outside the EU563 kt (7%)
- Netherlands1.58 Mt (19%)
- Germany694 kt (9%)
- Belgium548 kt (7%)
- Italy290 kt (4%)
- Greece195 kt (2%)
- Spain182 kt (2%)
- Other EU member states981 kt (12%)
- Origin not reported2.1 kt (<1%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Netherlands | Germany | 565,034 | 59.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 452,000 | 31.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Netherlands | 446,418 | 39.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 345,200 | 70.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Arab Emirates | France | 279,000 | 19.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Italy | 245,996 | 44.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Austria | 238,987 | 81.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 223,339 | 49.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 203,000 | 14.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 196,928 | 17.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Germany | 182,598 | 19.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 172,532 | 18.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 164,129 | 29.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Czechia | 160,000 | 65.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Poland | 156,817 | 26.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Poland | 148,284 | 25.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Qatar | Netherlands | 135,367 | 12.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Croatia | 125,956 | 51.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Belgium | 123,900 | 25.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Slovakia | 115,127 | 71.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | France | 109,000 | 7.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Sweden | 104,715 | 43.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Ireland | 103,064 | 39.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | France | 97,000 | 6.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Poland | 96,200 | 16.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Greece | Slovenia | 93,000 | 39.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | France | 92,000 | 6.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Netherlands | 89,278 | 7.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 89,000 | 6.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Poland | 87,485 | 14.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Ireland | 85,022 | 32.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Czechia | 85,000 | 34.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Spain | Portugal | 84,432 | 82.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Croatia | 83,661 | 34.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 83,000 | 56.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Latvia | 76,298 | 82.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Luxembourg | 73,911 | 77.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Sweden | 71,408 | 29.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Netherlands | 71,016 | 6.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Italy | 65,860 | 11.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Netherlands | 64,554 | 5.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Slovenia | 63,000 | 26.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Arab Emirates | Netherlands | 61,990 | 5.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Estonia | 59,000 | 95.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| India | Poland | 57,878 | 9.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Greece | 51,660 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Spain | 46,431 | 10.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovakia | 43,237 | 26.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Ireland | 42,096 | 16.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Spain | 42,084 | 9.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 42,000 | 2.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Romania | 42,000 | 32.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Saudi Arabia | Hungary | 42,000 | 28.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Slovenia | 40,000 | 17.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Spain | 39,544 | 8.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Saudi Arabia | Romania | 39,000 | 30.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Poland | 38,678 | 6.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Austria | 38,277 | 13.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 37,557 | 3.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Greece | Croatia | 35,071 | 14.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Spain | 33,396 | 7.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | France | 33,000 | 2.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Slovenia | 33,000 | 14.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Italy | 32,986 | 5.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Greece | Italy | 32,899 | 5.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Spain | 31,804 | 7.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 31,633 | 2.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | France | 30,000 | 2.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Qatar | Sweden | 29,734 | 12.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Ireland | 27,919 | 10.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 26,044 | 2.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Romania | 25,000 | 19.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Greece | Cyprus | 23,405 | 59.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Arab Emirates | Hungary | 22,000 | 15.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Romania | 22,000 | 17.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Lithuania | 21,500 | 59.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Spain | 21,300 | 4.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 21,000 | 1.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Portugal | 18,068 | 17.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 17,597 | 7.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Bulgaria | 17,321 | 42.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Luxembourg | 17,232 | 18.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Sweden | 17,035 | 7.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Cyprus | 16,219 | 40.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Austria | 15,686 | 5.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Lithuania | 14,800 | 40.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Italy | 14,523 | 2.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Spain | 14,261 | 3.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Bulgaria | 12,909 | 31.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Belgium | 12,100 | 2.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Malta | 10,724 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Greece | Bulgaria | 10,151 | 25.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Latvia | 9,858 | 10.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Ireland | 4,951 | 1.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Luxembourg | 4,255 | 4.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovenia | 4,000 | 1.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Belgium | 3,800 | 0.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Slovakia | 3,182 | 2.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Latvia | 3,058 | 3.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Spain | 2,077 | 0.5% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Belgium | 2,000 | 0.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Estonia | 2,000 | 3.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Latvia | 1,100 | 1.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Estonia | 1,000 | 1.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Slovenia | 1,000 | 0.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Latvia | 908 | 1.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Latvia | 775 | 0.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Bulgaria | 92 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
6 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2024-01 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-01 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the road diesel was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-01, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-01 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Denmark, Finland. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.