Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In January 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 8,099 kt of road diesel; the largest origins outside the EU were Saudi Arabia (12%), India (9%) and the United States (7%), and 55% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Netherlands1.58 Mt (19%)Saudi Arabia939 kt (12%)India726 kt (9%)Germany694 kt (9%)Belgium548 kt (7%)United States547 kt (7%)United Arab Emirates363 kt (4%)United Kingdom328 kt (4%)Other origins (31)2.38 Mt (29%)Origin not reported2.1 kt (<1%)France1.45 Mt (18%)Netherlands1.12 Mt (14%)Germany958 kt (12%)Poland585 kt (7%)Italy557 kt (7%)Other EU (20)3.43 Mt (42%)
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Where the oil was produced
- Colour = importing country:
- France
- Netherlands
- Germany
- Poland
- Italy
- Other EU (20)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (31) | Other EU (20) | 1,456,549 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Other EU (20) | 696,539 | — | Summed by usSum of 7 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Germany | 565,034 | 59.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 452,000 | 31.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Netherlands | 446,418 | 39.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Other EU (20) | 432,501 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (31) | Italy | 311,881 | 56.0% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United Kingdom | Other EU (20) | 301,661 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | Other EU (20) | 284,331 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United Arab Emirates | France | 279,000 | 19.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (31) | Netherlands | 231,554 | 20.6% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | France | 203,000 | 14.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 196,928 | 17.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Germany | 182,598 | 19.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (31) | France | 181,000 | 12.5% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Germany | 172,532 | 18.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 164,129 | 29.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (31) | Poland | 156,817 | 26.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Poland | 148,284 | 25.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | France | 109,000 | 7.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Poland | 96,200 | 16.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Other EU (20) | 95,992 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | France | 92,000 | 6.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Other EU (20) | 89,812 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Netherlands | 89,278 | 7.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 89,000 | 6.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Poland | 87,485 | 14.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 71,016 | 6.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Italy | 65,860 | 11.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Arab Emirates | Netherlands | 61,990 | 5.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Poland | 57,878 | 9.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Other EU (20) | 47,208 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | France | 42,000 | 2.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Poland | 38,678 | 6.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (31) | Germany | 37,990 | 4.0% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 26,044 | 2.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Arab Emirates | Other EU (20) | 22,000 | 15.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Italy | 14,523 | 2.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Other EU (20) | 2,077 | 0.5% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
2 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2024-01 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-01 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the road diesel was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-01, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-01 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Denmark, Finland. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.