Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In February 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 6,288 kt of road diesel; the largest origins outside the EU were Saudi Arabia (11%) and the United States (9%), and 67% came from other EU member states, with 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
Saudi Arabia673 kt (11%)United States573 kt (9%)India186 kt (3%)United Kingdom124 kt (2%)Other origins outside the EU508 kt (8%)Netherlands1.10 Mt (18%)Germany781 kt (12%)Belgium520 kt (8%)Italy519 kt (8%)Spain315 kt (5%)Lithuania172 kt (3%)Slovakia114 kt (2%)Sweden110 kt (2%)Other EU member states554 kt (9%)Origin not reported33 kt (<1%)France1.20 Mt (19%)Netherlands721 kt (11%)Germany693 kt (11%)Poland486 kt (8%)Belgium362 kt (6%)Spain317 kt (5%)Austria282 kt (4%)Slovenia250 kt (4%)Croatia240 kt (4%)Ireland239 kt (4%)Italy226 kt (4%)Czechia204 kt (3%)Hungary190 kt (3%)Sweden141 kt (2%)Romania139 kt (2%)Slovakia107 kt (2%)Portugal101 kt (2%)Luxembourg94 kt (2%)Estonia84 kt (1%)Latvia77 kt (1%)Lithuania33 kt (<1%)Bulgaria32 kt (<1%)Greece32 kt (<1%)Cyprus24 kt (<1%)Malta15 kt (<1%)
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Where the oil was produced
- Saudi Arabia673 kt (11%)
- United States573 kt (9%)
- India186 kt (3%)
- United Kingdom124 kt (2%)
- Other origins outside the EU508 kt (8%)
- Netherlands1.10 Mt (18%)
- Germany781 kt (12%)
- Belgium520 kt (8%)
- Italy519 kt (8%)
- Spain315 kt (5%)
- Lithuania172 kt (3%)
- Slovakia114 kt (2%)
- Sweden110 kt (2%)
- Other EU member states554 kt (9%)
- Origin not reported33 kt (<1%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Saudi Arabia | France | 404,000 | 33.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 363,710 | 52.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 331,700 | 91.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Slovenia | 230,000 | 92.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Austria | 221,608 | 78.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | France | 193,000 | 16.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Poland | 189,846 | 39.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 164,613 | 22.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Croatia | 155,284 | 64.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 153,351 | 22.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Czechia | 152,000 | 74.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Netherlands | 143,710 | 19.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | France | 143,000 | 11.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Germany | 113,255 | 16.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 109,743 | 15.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Ireland | 108,741 | 45.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Sweden | 107,796 | 76.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| India | Netherlands | 107,561 | 14.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 100,000 | 8.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 99,745 | 44.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Poland | 98,325 | 20.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Ireland | 91,116 | 38.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 90,000 | 7.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 89,822 | 28.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Portugal | 86,181 | 85.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Croatia | 85,152 | 35.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Saudi Arabia | Netherlands | 79,452 | 11.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 76,000 | 40.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Luxembourg | 74,958 | 79.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Spain | 73,491 | 23.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Lithuania | Poland | 69,374 | 14.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Hungary | 68,000 | 35.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Romania | 65,000 | 46.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Netherlands | 63,815 | 8.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Italy | 62,596 | 27.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Spain | 59,337 | 18.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | Poland | 59,280 | 12.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 59,000 | 4.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovakia | 58,556 | 54.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Germany | 57,734 | 8.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Lithuania | Latvia | 57,097 | 74.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Poland | 54,940 | 11.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | France | 51,000 | 4.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Spain | 48,594 | 15.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | France | 47,000 | 3.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Lithuania | Estonia | 46,000 | 54.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 45,000 | 3.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Slovakia | 44,600 | 41.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Czechia | 40,000 | 19.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 36,618 | 5.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Estonia | 34,000 | 40.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Romania | 34,000 | 24.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Austria | 33,947 | 12.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | France | 33,000 | 2.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 33,000 | 2.8% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Spain | Italy | 32,946 | 14.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Hungary | 31,000 | 16.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| India | Romania | 26,000 | 18.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Greece | 24,684 | 76.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Austria | 23,429 | 8.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Italy | 23,000 | 10.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Sweden | 22,574 | 16.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Lithuania | 17,500 | 53.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Bulgaria | 16,968 | 52.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Belgium | 16,300 | 4.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Slovenia | 16,000 | 6.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Netherlands | 15,589 | 2.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Bulgaria | 15,494 | 47.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Ireland | 15,173 | 6.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Ireland | 15,062 | 6.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Hungary | 15,000 | 7.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Portugal | 14,763 | 14.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Lithuania | 14,500 | 44.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Poland | 14,396 | 3.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Luxembourg | 13,449 | 14.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Latvia | 12,626 | 16.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Belgium | 12,300 | 3.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Malta | 12,203 | 82.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Spain | 12,154 | 3.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Cyprus | 12,020 | 50.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Czechia | 12,000 | 5.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Cyprus | 11,827 | 49.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 11,079 | 7.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Romania | 10,000 | 7.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Saudi Arabia | Spain | 9,997 | 3.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Spain | 9,732 | 3.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Ireland | 9,198 | 3.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Spain | 8,471 | 2.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Greece | 7,586 | 23.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Italy | 6,367 | 2.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Luxembourg | 5,981 | 6.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Spain | 5,105 | 1.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 4,767 | 0.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Latvia | 4,374 | 5.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Slovakia | 4,071 | 3.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovenia | 4,000 | 1.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Slovakia | Romania | 3,000 | 2.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Austria | 2,834 | 1.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Latvia | 2,732 | 3.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Malta | 2,636 | 17.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Estonia | 2,000 | 2.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Estonia | 2,000 | 2.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Belgium | 1,800 | 0.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Romania | 1,000 | 0.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Italy | 530 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Lithuania | 500 | 1.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Latvia | 306 | 0.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Italy | 252 | 0.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
6 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2024-02 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-02 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the road diesel was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-02, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-02 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Denmark, Finland. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.