Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In February 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 6,288 kt of road diesel; the largest origins outside the EU were Saudi Arabia (11%) and the United States (9%), and 67% came from other EU member states, with 1% not attributed to any country.
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Country it was last shipped from
- Colour = importing country:
- France
- Netherlands
- Germany
- Poland
- Belgium
- Other EU (20)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country last shipped from
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (28) | Other EU (20) | 1,099,144 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Italy | Other EU (20) | 470,510 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Other EU (20) | 406,271 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 404,000 | 33.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 363,710 | 52.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 331,700 | 91.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (20) | 221,128 | — | Summed by usSum of 7 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Spain | France | 193,000 | 16.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Poland | 189,846 | 39.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Other EU (20) | 189,742 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Other EU (20) | 185,464 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (28) | Netherlands | 180,328 | 25.0% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 164,613 | 22.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 153,351 | 22.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (28) | Poland | 143,050 | 29.4% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | France | 143,000 | 11.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Other EU (20) | 121,763 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Germany | 113,255 | 16.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 109,743 | 15.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| India | Netherlands | 107,561 | 14.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Other EU (20) | 102,465 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | France | 100,000 | 8.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Poland | 98,325 | 20.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (28) | France | 96,000 | 8.0% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | France | 90,000 | 7.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Netherlands | 79,452 | 11.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United States | Netherlands | 63,815 | 8.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (28) | Germany | 62,501 | 9.0% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | France | 59,000 | 4.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United States | Poland | 54,940 | 11.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| India | France | 47,000 | 3.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | France | 33,000 | 2.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 33,000 | 2.8% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| India | Other EU (20) | 31,411 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Belgium | 16,300 | 4.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Netherlands | 15,589 | 2.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United States | Belgium | 12,300 | 3.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (28) | Belgium | 2,000 | 0.6% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-02 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined.
Left: the country the road diesel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-02, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-02 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Denmark, Finland. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): for refined products, the country the fuel was last shipped from, as each EU member state reports it; it may be a trading hub rather than where the fuel was refined. The customs basis is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states may be fuel refined there or fuel only shipped on from elsewhere; they are grouped separately.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.