Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In March 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 8,340 kt of road diesel; the largest origins outside the EU were Saudi Arabia (9%) and the United States (7%), and 61% came from other EU member states, with 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
Saudi Arabia748 kt (9%)United States608 kt (7%)Türkiye386 kt (5%)India356 kt (4%)United Kingdom292 kt (4%)United Arab Emirates201 kt (2%)Other origins outside the EU583 kt (7%)Netherlands1.45 Mt (17%)Germany923 kt (11%)Belgium710 kt (9%)Spain442 kt (5%)Italy434 kt (5%)Greece232 kt (3%)Other EU member states912 kt (11%)Origin not reported60 kt (<1%)France1.65 Mt (20%)Germany883 kt (11%)Netherlands882 kt (11%)Spain721 kt (9%)Belgium650 kt (8%)Poland523 kt (6%)Italy337 kt (4%)Croatia312 kt (4%)Austria303 kt (4%)Ireland265 kt (3%)Czechia252 kt (3%)Hungary246 kt (3%)Slovenia246 kt (3%)Sweden231 kt (3%)Slovakia210 kt (3%)Romania165 kt (2%)Latvia105 kt (1%)Luxembourg89 kt (1%)Portugal77 kt (<1%)Estonia62 kt (<1%)Greece46 kt (<1%)Cyprus35 kt (<1%)Bulgaria20 kt (<1%)Lithuania14 kt (<1%)Malta9.3 kt (<1%)
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Where the oil was produced
- Saudi Arabia748 kt (9%)
- United States608 kt (7%)
- Türkiye386 kt (5%)
- India356 kt (4%)
- United Kingdom292 kt (4%)
- United Arab Emirates201 kt (2%)
- Other origins outside the EU583 kt (7%)
- Netherlands1.45 Mt (17%)
- Germany923 kt (11%)
- Belgium710 kt (9%)
- Spain442 kt (5%)
- Italy434 kt (5%)
- Greece232 kt (3%)
- Other EU member states912 kt (11%)
- Origin not reported60 kt (<1%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Saudi Arabia | France | 506,000 | 30.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 453,025 | 51.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 397,800 | 61.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | France | 357,000 | 21.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 280,994 | 31.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Austria | 227,941 | 75.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 224,963 | 25.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | France | 201,000 | 12.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 200,097 | 22.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Czechia | 199,000 | 79.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Croatia | 196,462 | 63.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 192,492 | 26.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Poland | 176,857 | 33.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 139,000 | 8.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 138,000 | 56.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| India | France | 133,000 | 8.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Spain | 123,954 | 17.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Netherlands | 119,499 | 13.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Ireland | 113,344 | 42.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Poland | 113,035 | 21.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Spain | 110,370 | 15.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Ireland | 108,147 | 40.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Sweden | 106,971 | 46.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| India | Belgium | 105,000 | 16.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Italy | 103,436 | 30.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Belgium | 102,200 | 15.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | France | 101,000 | 6.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Arab Emirates | Italy | 100,639 | 29.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovakia | 99,902 | 47.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Germany | 90,879 | 10.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Slovakia | 89,639 | 42.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Latvia | 86,023 | 81.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Poland | 85,645 | 16.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Greece | Slovenia | 85,000 | 34.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Arab Emirates | Germany | 84,866 | 9.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Spain | 83,026 | 11.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Poland | 81,578 | 15.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Croatia | 78,506 | 25.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Türkiye | Spain | 78,172 | 10.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Portugal | 77,295 | 99.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Netherlands | 72,030 | 8.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 71,549 | 31.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Luxembourg | 70,199 | 78.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Slovenia | 67,000 | 27.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Poland | 66,195 | 12.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Saudi Arabia | Netherlands | 62,307 | 7.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Estonia | 62,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| India | Netherlands | 60,875 | 6.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Romania | 60,000 | 36.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Origin not reported | France | 60,000 | 3.6% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Saudi Arabia | Spain | 58,261 | 8.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Greece | Hungary | 56,000 | 22.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Italy | 55,678 | 16.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 54,000 | 3.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Czechia | 53,000 | 21.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Sweden | 52,406 | 22.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Türkiye | Slovenia | 52,000 | 21.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Spain | 49,406 | 6.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 48,818 | 5.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Slovenia | 39,000 | 15.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Greece | 38,373 | 83.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Austria | 37,790 | 12.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | France | 37,000 | 2.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Austria | 36,985 | 12.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Croatia | 36,644 | 11.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Greece | Italy | 36,151 | 10.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Belgium | 35,000 | 5.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 34,174 | 3.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | France | 33,000 | 2.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | France | 33,000 | 2.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Hungary | 33,000 | 13.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Italy | 30,706 | 9.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Netherlands | 27,566 | 3.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Romania | 27,000 | 16.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Spain | 25,350 | 3.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Greece | Romania | 22,000 | 13.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Greece | Cyprus | 20,406 | 58.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Slovakia | 20,311 | 9.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Romania | 20,000 | 12.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Luxembourg | 19,075 | 21.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Romania | 19,000 | 11.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Ireland | 16,674 | 6.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Arab Emirates | Ireland | 15,678 | 5.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Cyprus | 14,284 | 41.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Lithuania | 14,200 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Türkiye | Romania | 14,000 | 8.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Greece | Bulgaria | 12,866 | 64.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Latvia | 11,730 | 11.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Ireland | 11,416 | 4.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Hungary | 11,000 | 4.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Italy | 10,229 | 3.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Hungary | 8,000 | 3.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Greece | 7,592 | 16.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Bulgaria | 7,175 | 35.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Spain | Malta | 7,137 | 76.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 6,300 | 1.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Germany | 5,042 | 0.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Latvia | 4,950 | 4.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Belgium | 3,800 | 0.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Romania | 3,000 | 1.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovenia | 3,000 | 1.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Latvia | 2,564 | 2.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Malta | 1,943 | 20.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Italy | 376 | 0.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Malta | 215 | 2.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Bulgaria | 69 | 0.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
9 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2024-03 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-03 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the road diesel was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-03, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-03 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Denmark, Finland. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.