Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In May 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 8,938 kt of road diesel; the largest origins outside the EU were India (9%), Saudi Arabia (8%) and the United States (6%), and 56% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
India814 kt (9%)Saudi Arabia747 kt (8%)United States538 kt (6%)United Arab Emirates377 kt (4%)United Kingdom315 kt (4%)Oman211 kt (2%)Türkiye183 kt (2%)Other origins outside the EU760 kt (9%)Netherlands1.23 Mt (14%)Germany883 kt (10%)Belgium859 kt (10%)Italy643 kt (7%)Spain335 kt (4%)Other EU member states1.02 Mt (11%)Origin not reported24 kt (<1%)France1.45 Mt (16%)Netherlands1.15 Mt (13%)Germany1.13 Mt (13%)Belgium737 kt (8%)Poland647 kt (7%)Spain576 kt (6%)Italy494 kt (6%)Austria301 kt (3%)Ireland289 kt (3%)Czechia272 kt (3%)Sweden267 kt (3%)Slovenia259 kt (3%)Hungary255 kt (3%)Romania210 kt (2%)Croatia208 kt (2%)Slovakia200 kt (2%)Portugal110 kt (1%)Latvia110 kt (1%)Luxembourg98 kt (1%)Estonia72 kt (<1%)Cyprus36 kt (<1%)Greece22 kt (<1%)Lithuania21 kt (<1%)Malta16 kt (<1%)Bulgaria11 kt (<1%)
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Where the oil was produced
- India814 kt (9%)
- Saudi Arabia747 kt (8%)
- United States538 kt (6%)
- United Arab Emirates377 kt (4%)
- United Kingdom315 kt (4%)
- Oman211 kt (2%)
- Türkiye183 kt (2%)
- Other origins outside the EU760 kt (9%)
- Netherlands1.23 Mt (14%)
- Germany883 kt (10%)
- Belgium859 kt (10%)
- Italy643 kt (7%)
- Spain335 kt (4%)
- Other EU member states1.02 Mt (11%)
- Origin not reported24 kt (<1%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Netherlands | Germany | 392,819 | 34.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 365,600 | 49.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Netherlands | 311,936 | 27.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 294,250 | 26.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | France | 284,000 | 19.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 272,000 | 18.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 262,089 | 22.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Slovenia | 257,000 | 99.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Austria | 232,821 | 77.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Poland | 221,769 | 34.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Czechia | 215,000 | 79.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Netherlands | 210,908 | 18.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Spain | France | 206,000 | 14.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Spain | 158,298 | 27.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 154,311 | 31.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Germany | 153,754 | 13.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | France | 151,000 | 10.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Ireland | 150,509 | 52.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Arab Emirates | Italy | 139,575 | 28.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Oman | France | 137,000 | 9.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Poland | 136,997 | 21.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Germany | 126,917 | 11.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 126,513 | 11.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Belgium | 125,500 | 17.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 120,000 | 8.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Slovakia | 115,257 | 57.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Poland | 115,169 | 17.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Arab Emirates | Belgium | 114,700 | 15.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Sweden | 112,933 | 42.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 112,000 | 43.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Spain | 110,849 | 19.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Spain | 110,808 | 19.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Poland | 110,244 | 17.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Croatia | 109,214 | 52.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Romania | 109,000 | 51.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Sweden | 108,788 | 40.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Latvia | 97,837 | 89.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Croatia | 95,602 | 46.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Spain | Portugal | 95,100 | 86.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Ireland | 92,984 | 32.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Belgium | 92,600 | 12.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | France | 91,000 | 6.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Romania | 89,000 | 42.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | France | 87,000 | 6.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Netherlands | 80,795 | 7.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Oman | Germany | 73,850 | 6.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovakia | 73,330 | 36.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Arab Emirates | Netherlands | 71,839 | 6.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Luxembourg | 70,291 | 72.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Italy | 67,650 | 13.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Hungary | 66,000 | 25.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Spain | 64,445 | 11.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Poland | 63,014 | 9.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Germany | 59,624 | 5.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Italy | 58,563 | 11.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Czechia | 57,000 | 21.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Spain | 47,418 | 8.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Spain | 44,012 | 7.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 42,996 | 3.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Estonia | 41,000 | 56.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Türkiye | Spain | 39,859 | 6.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 39,612 | 3.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 39,587 | 14.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Austria | 34,879 | 11.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Austria | 33,067 | 11.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Spain | Italy | 31,748 | 6.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 31,000 | 2.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Estonia | 30,000 | 41.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Arab Emirates | France | 29,000 | 2.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Belgium | 26,300 | 3.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Ireland | 25,737 | 8.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Italy | 25,253 | 5.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 24,000 | 1.7% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Greece | 22,309 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Cyprus | 22,235 | 61.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 22,063 | 2.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Arab Emirates | Hungary | 22,000 | 8.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Hungary | 22,000 | 8.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | France | 21,000 | 1.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Lithuania | 20,800 | 97.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Ireland | 19,287 | 6.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Luxembourg | 17,139 | 17.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Hungary | 17,000 | 6.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Italy | 16,861 | 3.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Hungary | 16,000 | 6.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Portugal | 15,327 | 13.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Malta | 14,147 | 89.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Cyprus | 13,751 | 38.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Belgium | 11,800 | 1.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Slovakia | 11,111 | 5.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Luxembourg | 10,071 | 10.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Romania | 8,000 | 3.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Bulgaria | 7,991 | 75.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Saudi Arabia | Latvia | 6,999 | 6.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 6,218 | 0.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Sweden | 6,032 | 2.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Romania | 3,000 | 1.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Latvia | 2,676 | 2.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Croatia | 2,570 | 1.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Bulgaria | 2,473 | 23.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Slovenia | 2,000 | 0.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Latvia | 1,880 | 1.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Malta | 1,741 | 11.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Romania | 1,000 | 0.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Estonia | 1,000 | 1.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Lithuania | 500 | 2.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Croatia | 422 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Latvia | 151 | 0.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Bulgaria | 68 | 0.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
8 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2024-05 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-05 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the road diesel was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-05, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-05 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Denmark, Finland. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.