Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In May 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 8,938 kt of road diesel; the largest origins outside the EU were India (9%), Saudi Arabia (8%) and the United States (6%), and 56% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
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Country it was last shipped from
- Colour = importing country:
- France
- Netherlands
- Germany
- Belgium
- Poland
- Other EU (20)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country last shipped from
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (33) | Other EU (20) | 1,655,057 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Italy | Other EU (20) | 642,538 | — | Summed by usSum of 7 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Other EU (20) | 492,249 | — | Summed by usSum of 7 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (33) | France | 484,000 | 33.3% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Germany | 392,819 | 34.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 365,600 | 49.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| India | Netherlands | 311,936 | 27.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 294,250 | 26.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (33) | Netherlands | 293,516 | 25.6% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| India | France | 284,000 | 19.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 272,000 | 18.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (20) | 268,852 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 262,089 | 22.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (33) | Germany | 255,885 | 22.7% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Poland | 221,769 | 34.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Other EU (20) | 205,322 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Other EU (20) | 183,018 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United Arab Emirates | Other EU (20) | 161,575 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Other EU (20) | 151,354 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | France | 151,000 | 10.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United States | Poland | 136,997 | 21.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United States | Germany | 126,917 | 11.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 126,513 | 11.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Belgium | 125,500 | 17.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Poland | 115,169 | 17.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Arab Emirates | Belgium | 114,700 | 15.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (33) | Poland | 110,244 | 17.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| India | Belgium | 92,600 | 12.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United States | France | 91,000 | 6.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 87,000 | 6.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Netherlands | 80,795 | 7.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Arab Emirates | Netherlands | 71,839 | 6.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| India | Other EU (20) | 65,445 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | Poland | 63,014 | 9.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| India | Germany | 59,624 | 5.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 31,000 | 2.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Arab Emirates | France | 29,000 | 2.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (33) | Belgium | 26,400 | 3.6% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Origin not reported | France | 24,000 | 1.7% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Germany | Belgium | 11,800 | 1.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-05 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined.
Left: the country the road diesel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-05, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-05 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Denmark, Finland. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): for refined products, the country the fuel was last shipped from, as each EU member state reports it; it may be a trading hub rather than where the fuel was refined. The customs basis is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states may be fuel refined there or fuel only shipped on from elsewhere; they are grouped separately.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.