Flows

How oil reaches each country

Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.

In August 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 8,586 kt of road diesel; the largest origins outside the EU were the United States (10%), Saudi Arabia (7%) and India (6%), and 58% came from other EU member states, with 1% not attributed to any country.

Countries shownAll countries Top 5 origins Top 5 destinations

OilCrude oil Road diesel Petrol Jet fuel Heating and other gasoil Fuel oil Naphtha LPG

Month

Aug 2024

Latest month all EU members reported

2026	Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul7 of 27 reported
2025	Jan Feb26 of 27 reported Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
2024	Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
2023	Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Origins named8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

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Reported (solid)
Summed by us (dotted)
Origin not reported (hatched)

The numbers as a table

Reported imports, largest first
From	To	Tonnes	Share	How we know
Netherlands	Germany	713,289	59.9%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
United States	France	387,000	27.4%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Netherlands	Belgium	351,800	55.4%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
India	Netherlands	257,153	24.7%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Belgium	Germany	231,892	19.5%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Germany	Austria	218,555	71.6%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Germany	Poland	216,004	43.9%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Belgium	Netherlands	214,929	20.6%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Saudi Arabia	Italy	211,047	44.0%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member states	Hungary	193,000	59.0%	Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Germany	Czechia	184,000	76.3%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Qatar	Netherlands	182,551	17.5%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
United States	Spain	181,606	47.7%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
United Arab Emirates	Netherlands	163,075	15.7%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Spain	France	158,000	11.2%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Saudi Arabia	France	157,000	11.1%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member states	Sweden	154,814	63.0%	Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
India	France	147,000	10.4%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Netherlands	Ireland	146,358	45.7%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Netherlands	France	128,000	9.1%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins outside the EU	France	125,000	8.9%	Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other origins outside the EU	Romania	125,000	63.5%	Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Italy	Croatia	121,370	56.6%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
United States	Poland	117,585	23.9%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
India	Belgium	117,100	18.4%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member states	Estonia	117,000	100.0%	Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
United Kingdom	Ireland	115,537	36.0%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member states	Latvia	113,937	90.3%	Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
United Kingdom	Slovakia	113,540	54.7%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Belgium	France	111,000	7.9%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Saudi Arabia	Slovenia	107,000	43.0%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Kuwait	France	101,000	7.2%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Spain	Italy	98,688	20.6%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
United Arab Emirates	Italy	95,617	19.9%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Italy	Spain	95,325	25.0%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member states	Croatia	93,097	43.4%	Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Kuwait	Germany	87,046	7.3%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
United States	Germany	84,225	7.1%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Netherlands	Poland	84,063	17.1%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Spain	Portugal	80,862	76.8%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member states	Slovakia	74,699	36.0%	Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Italy	Slovenia	74,000	29.7%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member states	Germany	73,859	6.2%	Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other EU member states	Poland	69,350	14.1%	Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other EU member states	Slovenia	68,000	27.3%	Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other origins outside the EU	Bulgaria	66,933	86.8%	Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Belgium	Luxembourg	66,129	79.5%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins outside the EU	Netherlands	60,941	5.8%	Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Saudi Arabia	Belgium	59,900	9.4%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member states	Czechia	57,000	23.7%	Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Germany	Hungary	55,000	16.8%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Netherlands	Sweden	52,171	21.2%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member states	Romania	52,000	26.4%	Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other EU member states	Austria	47,029	15.4%	Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Qatar	Belgium	46,000	7.2%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Saudi Arabia	Greece	40,444	53.8%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Germany	Netherlands	40,182	3.9%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Italy	Austria	39,719	13.0%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
United States	Netherlands	39,591	3.8%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins outside the EU	Italy	39,375	8.2%	Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
United States	Belgium	35,900	5.7%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Netherlands	Spain	35,512	9.3%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins outside the EU	Spain	34,125	9.0%	Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Italy	Hungary	33,000	10.1%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member states	France	32,000	2.3%	Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Origin not reported	France	31,000	2.2%	Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners.
Origin not reported	Ireland	29,302	9.1%	Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners.
Kuwait	Netherlands	29,109	2.8%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member states	Netherlands	27,264	2.6%	Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Spain	Netherlands	27,170	2.6%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins outside the EU	Sweden	27,107	11.0%	Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Netherlands	Portugal	24,311	23.1%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
United Kingdom	Hungary	24,000	7.3%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins outside the EU	Greece	22,688	30.2%	Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other origins outside the EU	Hungary	22,000	6.7%	Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other EU member states	Italy	19,342	4.0%	Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Germany	Slovakia	19,190	9.3%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Germany	France	19,000	1.3%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Spain	Malta	18,423	100.0%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member states	Cyprus	18,345	64.5%	Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
United States	Ireland	16,751	5.2%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
United Kingdom	France	16,000	1.1%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Belgium	Italy	15,166	3.2%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member states	Lithuania	14,200	100.0%	Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Belgium	Ireland	12,656	3.9%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member states	Belgium	12,500	2.0%	Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
United Kingdom	Greece	12,107	16.1%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Qatar	Sweden	11,487	4.7%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
India	Spain	11,239	3.0%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Germany	Luxembourg	10,188	12.2%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member states	Bulgaria	10,132	13.1%	Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other origins outside the EU	Cyprus	10,118	35.5%	Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Kuwait	Spain	9,494	2.5%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
United Kingdom	Spain	9,025	2.4%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Saudi Arabia	Romania	9,000	4.6%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Kuwait	Romania	7,000	3.6%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Netherlands	Luxembourg	6,872	8.3%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Germany	Belgium	6,800	1.1%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
United Arab Emirates	Poland	5,481	1.1%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
United Arab Emirates	Latvia	4,930	3.9%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
United Arab Emirates	Spain	4,299	1.1%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Spain	Belgium	3,700	0.6%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins outside the EU	Latvia	3,240	2.6%	Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Netherlands	Latvia	3,172	2.5%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Italy	Romania	3,000	1.5%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins outside the EU	Belgium	1,600	0.3%	Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Germany	Romania	1,000	0.5%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Germany	Latvia	769	0.6%	ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)

10 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.

Source & method

Source

Eurostat (European Commission)Official

Period 2024-08 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodology Download CSV

Left: where the road diesel was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-08, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).

Month: 2024-08 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).

Not in the diagram: Denmark, Finland. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.

Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.