Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In November 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 8,609 kt of road diesel; the largest origins outside the EU were Saudi Arabia (11%), the United Arab Emirates (8%) and the United States (7%), and 55% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Netherlands1.59 Mt (19%)Saudi Arabia938 kt (11%)Germany710 kt (8%)Belgium683 kt (8%)United Arab Emirates679 kt (8%)United States575 kt (7%)India393 kt (5%)Kuwait346 kt (4%)Other origins (35)2.66 Mt (31%)Origin not reported34 kt (<1%)France1.54 Mt (18%)Germany1.47 Mt (17%)Netherlands816 kt (9%)Belgium602 kt (7%)Poland562 kt (7%)Other EU (20)3.62 Mt (42%)
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Country it was last shipped from
- Colour = importing country:
- France
- Germany
- Netherlands
- Belgium
- Poland
- Other EU (20)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country last shipped from
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (35) | Other EU (20) | 1,873,548 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Germany | 670,167 | 45.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 554,000 | 35.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Other EU (20) | 439,639 | — | Summed by usSum of 8 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | Other EU (20) | 384,393 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (35) | Netherlands | 365,889 | 44.8% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 318,800 | 53.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (35) | France | 276,000 | 17.9% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United Arab Emirates | Other EU (20) | 268,717 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Germany | 256,028 | 17.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (20) | 251,319 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Germany | 245,552 | 16.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 211,000 | 13.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Arab Emirates | France | 198,000 | 12.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Poland | 173,836 | 30.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Arab Emirates | Belgium | 163,300 | 27.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 162,000 | 10.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 153,450 | 18.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Poland | 143,449 | 25.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United States | Other EU (20) | 126,414 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Other EU (20) | 111,769 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| India | Germany | 108,424 | 7.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| India | Netherlands | 108,285 | 13.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Belgium | 101,900 | 16.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| India | Other EU (20) | 98,564 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Kuwait | Germany | 97,216 | 6.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United States | Poland | 90,324 | 16.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (35) | Poland | 84,647 | 15.1% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Netherlands | 72,565 | 8.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 68,850 | 8.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Other EU (20) | 64,537 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United Arab Emirates | Germany | 49,299 | 3.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Netherlands | 47,414 | 5.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| India | France | 43,000 | 2.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (35) | Germany | 40,869 | 2.8% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | France | 37,000 | 2.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Poland | 34,785 | 6.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| India | Poland | 34,682 | 6.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 34,000 | 2.2% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Germany | France | 28,000 | 1.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (35) | Belgium | 14,400 | 2.4% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Belgium | 3,400 | 0.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
Source & method
Source Period 2024-11 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-11 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined.
Left: the country the road diesel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-11, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-11 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Denmark, Finland. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): for refined products, the country the fuel was last shipped from, as each EU member state reports it; it may be a trading hub rather than where the fuel was refined. The customs basis is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states may be fuel refined there or fuel only shipped on from elsewhere; they are grouped separately.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.