Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In January 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 7,013 kt of road diesel; the largest origins outside the EU were the United States (11%) and Saudi Arabia (6%), and 67% came from other EU member states, with 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Netherlands1.26 Mt (18%)United States762 kt (11%)Germany754 kt (11%)Belgium710 kt (10%)Italy430 kt (6%)Other origins (30)3.02 Mt (43%)Origin not reported76 kt (1%)France1.23 Mt (18%)Germany843 kt (12%)Belgium769 kt (11%)Netherlands571 kt (8%)Poland510 kt (7%)Spain476 kt (7%)Italy287 kt (4%)Sweden265 kt (4%)Other EU (17)2.06 Mt (29%)
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Where the oil was produced
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (30) | Other EU (17) | 1,177,005 | — | Summed by usSum of 16 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (30) | France | 546,000 | 44.4% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Germany | 467,897 | 55.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 405,700 | 52.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Other EU (17) | 383,631 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 333,430 | 58.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | France | 322,000 | 26.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Other EU (17) | 289,255 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (30) | Italy | 286,164 | 99.9% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (30) | Sweden | 225,827 | 85.1% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (30) | Poland | 209,976 | 41.2% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (30) | Spain | 200,932 | 42.2% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (30) | Belgium | 175,900 | 22.9% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Belgium | 172,000 | 22.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Poland | 171,364 | 33.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 135,665 | 23.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Germany | 134,431 | 15.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 131,800 | 15.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 118,463 | 24.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Other EU (17) | 111,500 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (30) | Germany | 108,925 | 12.9% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | France | 100,000 | 8.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (17) | 95,562 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (30) | Netherlands | 88,438 | 15.5% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Italy | Spain | 81,148 | 17.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 79,000 | 6.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 76,000 | 6.2% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| United States | Spain | 75,562 | 15.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | France | 60,000 | 4.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Poland | 54,673 | 10.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 48,000 | 3.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Poland | 40,406 | 7.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 39,665 | 14.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Poland | 33,231 | 6.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 15,300 | 2.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Netherlands | 13,161 | 2.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Other EU (17) | 4,901 | 8.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Italy | 309 | 0.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
2 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2025-01 (month)Updated 2026-09-24 07:38 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-01 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the road diesel was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-01, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-01 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Denmark, Finland. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.