Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In January 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 7,013 kt of road diesel; the largest origins outside the EU were the United States (11%) and Saudi Arabia (6%), and 67% came from other EU member states, with 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
United States762 kt (11%)Saudi Arabia417 kt (6%)Türkiye215 kt (3%)Kuwait174 kt (2%)Other origins outside the EU686 kt (10%)Netherlands1.26 Mt (18%)Germany754 kt (11%)Belgium710 kt (10%)Italy430 kt (6%)Sweden203 kt (3%)Spain186 kt (3%)Lithuania176 kt (3%)Greece174 kt (2%)Other EU member states788 kt (11%)Origin not reported76 kt (1%)France1.23 Mt (18%)Germany843 kt (12%)Belgium769 kt (11%)Netherlands571 kt (8%)Poland510 kt (7%)Spain476 kt (7%)Italy287 kt (4%)Sweden265 kt (4%)Czechia264 kt (4%)Slovenia255 kt (4%)Austria251 kt (4%)Hungary230 kt (3%)Ireland197 kt (3%)Croatia146 kt (2%)Slovakia132 kt (2%)Greece95 kt (1%)Portugal95 kt (1%)Romania95 kt (1%)Luxembourg78 kt (1%)Latvia59 kt (<1%)Estonia58 kt (<1%)Cyprus37 kt (<1%)Bulgaria37 kt (<1%)Lithuania26 kt (<1%)Malta6.1 kt (<1%)
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Where the oil was produced
- United States762 kt (11%)
- Saudi Arabia417 kt (6%)
- Türkiye215 kt (3%)
- Kuwait174 kt (2%)
- Other origins outside the EU686 kt (10%)
- Netherlands1.26 Mt (18%)
- Germany754 kt (11%)
- Belgium710 kt (10%)
- Italy430 kt (6%)
- Sweden203 kt (3%)
- Spain186 kt (3%)
- Lithuania176 kt (3%)
- Greece174 kt (2%)
- Other EU member states788 kt (11%)
- Origin not reported76 kt (1%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Netherlands | Germany | 467,897 | 55.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 405,700 | 52.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 333,430 | 58.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | France | 322,000 | 26.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 294,000 | 23.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Slovenia | 195,000 | 76.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Czechia | 184,000 | 69.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Austria | 183,146 | 72.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Belgium | 172,000 | 22.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Poland | 171,364 | 33.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Sweden | 167,346 | 63.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Netherlands | 135,665 | 23.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Germany | 134,431 | 15.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 133,000 | 57.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Germany | 131,800 | 15.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Italy | 129,409 | 45.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Belgium | 121,000 | 15.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Spain | 118,463 | 24.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Spain | 100,098 | 21.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 100,000 | 8.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 97,000 | 7.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Lithuania | Poland | 90,300 | 17.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Croatia | 88,400 | 60.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Spain | 81,148 | 17.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Portugal | 80,945 | 85.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Ireland | 80,607 | 40.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Czechia | 80,000 | 30.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | France | 79,000 | 6.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 76,000 | 6.2% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| United States | Spain | 75,562 | 15.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Ireland | 74,057 | 37.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Greece | 73,044 | 76.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | France | 73,000 | 5.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | France | 71,000 | 5.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Spain | 69,675 | 14.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Luxembourg | 69,017 | 88.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Slovakia | 67,852 | 51.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | Poland | 66,364 | 13.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Italy | 62,805 | 21.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | France | 60,000 | 4.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Sweden | 58,481 | 22.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Slovakia | 57,257 | 43.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Poland | 54,673 | 10.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Poland | 53,312 | 10.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Greece | Italy | 50,882 | 17.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 48,000 | 3.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Lithuania | Estonia | 47,500 | 81.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 42,523 | 14.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Ireland | 42,460 | 21.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Austria | 42,258 | 16.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Kuwait | Germany | 40,473 | 4.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Poland | 40,406 | 7.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Greece | Romania | 40,000 | 42.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 39,665 | 14.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Lithuania | Latvia | 38,200 | 64.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Slovenia | 34,000 | 13.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 33,970 | 4.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Poland | 33,231 | 6.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Hungary | 33,000 | 14.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Germany | 32,940 | 3.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Netherlands | 31,989 | 5.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 31,344 | 5.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Türkiye | Spain | 31,156 | 6.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Hungary | 31,000 | 13.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Greece | Croatia | 29,900 | 20.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Belgium | 29,900 | 3.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Croatia | 27,300 | 18.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Austria | 25,955 | 10.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Bulgaria | 23,243 | 63.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Greece | Hungary | 23,000 | 10.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Slovenia | 23,000 | 9.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Lithuania | 22,600 | 87.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Türkiye | Romania | 21,000 | 22.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 20,591 | 3.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Romania | 20,000 | 21.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Greece | Cyprus | 18,576 | 50.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Cyprus | 18,397 | 49.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Belgium | 15,300 | 2.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Belgium | 14,900 | 1.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Portugal | 14,150 | 14.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Bulgaria | 13,303 | 36.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Netherlands | 13,161 | 2.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Greece | 12,028 | 12.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Latvia | 11,700 | 19.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Greece | France | 11,000 | 0.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Greece | 10,246 | 10.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Hungary | 10,000 | 4.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Belgium | 9,800 | 1.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Luxembourg | 9,267 | 11.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Romania | 8,000 | 8.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Estonia | 8,000 | 13.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Slovakia | 7,018 | 5.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Romania | 5,000 | 5.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Latvia | 4,901 | 8.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Netherlands | 4,514 | 0.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Kuwait | Malta | 3,536 | 58.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovenia | 3,000 | 1.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Latvia | 2,855 | 4.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Malta | 2,559 | 42.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Estonia | 2,500 | 4.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Lithuania | 2,000 | 7.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Germany | 1,542 | 0.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Latvia | 1,447 | 2.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Lithuania | 1,200 | 4.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Saudi Arabia | Romania | 1,000 | 1.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Italy | 545 | 0.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Italy | 309 | 0.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Latvia | 200 | 0.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Greece | Bulgaria | 155 | 0.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
7 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2025-01 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-01 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the road diesel was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-01, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-01 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Denmark, Finland. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.