Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In May 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 7,555 kt of road diesel; the largest origins outside the EU were Saudi Arabia (15%), and 68% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Netherlands1.34 Mt (18%)Saudi Arabia1.10 Mt (15%)Germany879 kt (12%)Belgium840 kt (11%)Italy573 kt (8%)United States227 kt (3%)Türkiye223 kt (3%)Sweden220 kt (3%)Other origins (35)2.12 Mt (28%)Origin not reported33 kt (<1%)France1.20 Mt (16%)Germany1.04 Mt (14%)Netherlands633 kt (8%)Poland596 kt (8%)Belgium596 kt (8%)Other EU (21)3.50 Mt (46%)
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Where the oil was produced
- Colour = importing country:
- France
- Germany
- Netherlands
- Poland
- Belgium
- Other EU (21)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (35) | Other EU (21) | 1,646,148 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 656,000 | 54.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Other EU (21) | 542,604 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Other EU (21) | 462,519 | — | Summed by usSum of 9 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Germany | 460,871 | 44.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 395,700 | 66.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 333,516 | 52.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 286,046 | 27.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Other EU (21) | 253,128 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Other EU (21) | 230,091 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Türkiye | Other EU (21) | 223,117 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Poland | 207,585 | 34.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 184,720 | 29.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 166,000 | 13.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Poland | 155,623 | 26.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Other EU (21) | 136,125 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | France | 117,000 | 9.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Germany | 115,011 | 11.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (35) | Belgium | 111,700 | 18.8% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (35) | Netherlands | 102,155 | 16.1% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (35) | France | 95,000 | 7.9% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Poland | 85,936 | 14.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 84,000 | 7.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (35) | Poland | 82,916 | 13.9% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (35) | Germany | 80,380 | 7.8% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | Belgium | 80,100 | 13.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Poland | 64,072 | 10.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Germany | 49,300 | 4.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Germany | 44,324 | 4.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 33,000 | 2.8% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Italy | France | 30,000 | 2.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 16,000 | 1.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 12,638 | 2.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 8,200 | 1.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Other EU (21) | 2,000 | 3.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Other EU (21) | 1,200 | 1.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Other EU (21) | 463 | 0.5% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
Source & method
Source Period 2025-05 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-05 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the road diesel was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-05, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-05 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Finland. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.