Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In June 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 7,654 kt of road diesel; the largest origins outside the EU were India (7%), Saudi Arabia (6%) and the United States (5%), and 62% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Netherlands1.49 Mt (20%)Germany747 kt (10%)Belgium630 kt (8%)India553 kt (7%)Saudi Arabia466 kt (6%)United States393 kt (5%)Italy367 kt (5%)Kuwait297 kt (4%)Other origins (38)2.68 Mt (35%)Origin not reported32 kt (<1%)France1.25 Mt (16%)Germany1.09 Mt (14%)Netherlands729 kt (10%)Poland624 kt (8%)Spain496 kt (6%)Other EU (20)3.46 Mt (45%)
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Where the oil was produced
- Colour = importing country:
- France
- Germany
- Netherlands
- Poland
- Spain
- Other EU (20)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (38) | Other EU (20) | 1,784,104 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Other EU (20) | 541,262 | — | Summed by usSum of 7 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Germany | 513,120 | 46.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Other EU (20) | 436,025 | — | Summed by usSum of 7 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (38) | Netherlands | 280,134 | 38.4% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | Other EU (20) | 272,712 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| India | France | 259,000 | 20.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (38) | Poland | 226,238 | 36.3% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Poland | 221,929 | 35.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Other EU (20) | 205,629 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | France | 200,000 | 16.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 198,319 | 18.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (38) | Germany | 193,608 | 17.7% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 193,000 | 15.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 187,564 | 25.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Netherlands | 187,115 | 25.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 165,000 | 13.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 145,598 | 29.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 137,000 | 11.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Spain | 136,790 | 27.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Poland | 129,851 | 20.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (38) | France | 123,000 | 9.8% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Other EU (20) | 107,020 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Italy | Spain | 99,021 | 20.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Germany | 75,421 | 6.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Germany | 69,036 | 6.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (38) | Spain | 68,072 | 13.7% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Italy | France | 62,000 | 5.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Other EU (20) | 60,137 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | France | 54,000 | 4.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Spain | 46,809 | 9.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Poland | 46,046 | 7.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Netherlands | 42,152 | 5.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Germany | 41,384 | 3.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Other EU (20) | 37,744 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Netherlands | 32,354 | 4.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 32,000 | 2.6% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Kuwait | France | 25,000 | 2.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Other EU (20) | 16,653 | 7.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Germany | 2,267 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2025-06 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-06 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the road diesel was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-06, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-06 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Denmark, Finland. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.