Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In July 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 7,213 kt of road diesel; the largest origins outside the EU were Saudi Arabia (10%) and the United States (7%), and 63% came from other EU member states, with 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
Saudi Arabia708 kt (10%)United States482 kt (7%)Kuwait306 kt (4%)India271 kt (4%)United Kingdom239 kt (3%)Singapore141 kt (2%)Other origins outside the EU477 kt (7%)Netherlands1.05 Mt (15%)Germany868 kt (12%)Belgium793 kt (11%)Italy458 kt (6%)Greece222 kt (3%)Finland187 kt (3%)Other EU member states966 kt (13%)Origin not reported44 kt (<1%)France1.17 Mt (16%)Germany830 kt (12%)Netherlands567 kt (8%)Poland567 kt (8%)Belgium495 kt (7%)Spain467 kt (6%)Italy430 kt (6%)Romania314 kt (4%)Austria310 kt (4%)Czechia291 kt (4%)Hungary262 kt (4%)Sweden249 kt (3%)Slovenia210 kt (3%)Croatia188 kt (3%)Slovakia178 kt (2%)Ireland170 kt (2%)Greece97 kt (1%)Luxembourg87 kt (1%)Portugal83 kt (1%)Latvia66 kt (<1%)Estonia62 kt (<1%)Cyprus45 kt (<1%)Bulgaria37 kt (<1%)Lithuania21 kt (<1%)Malta16 kt (<1%)Denmark4.0 kt (<1%)
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Country it was last shipped from
- Saudi Arabia708 kt (10%)
- United States482 kt (7%)
- Kuwait306 kt (4%)
- India271 kt (4%)
- United Kingdom239 kt (3%)
- Singapore141 kt (2%)
- Other origins outside the EU477 kt (7%)
- Netherlands1.05 Mt (15%)
- Germany868 kt (12%)
- Belgium793 kt (11%)
- Italy458 kt (6%)
- Greece222 kt (3%)
- Finland187 kt (3%)
- Other EU member states966 kt (13%)
- Origin not reported44 kt (<1%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country last shipped from
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belgium | Netherlands | 397,393 | 70.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 397,100 | 80.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 365,924 | 44.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 332,000 | 28.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 300,340 | 69.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Czechia | 222,000 | 76.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Austria | 220,838 | 71.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United States | France | 213,000 | 18.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 209,370 | 25.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Poland | 207,258 | 36.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 185,400 | 70.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Spain | 182,886 | 39.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| India | Romania | 172,000 | 54.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | France | 158,000 | 13.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United States | Germany | 124,108 | 14.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Poland | 123,960 | 21.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Spain | 115,293 | 24.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Poland | 110,935 | 19.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Sweden | 106,688 | 42.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Singapore | Spain | 99,911 | 21.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| India | France | 96,000 | 8.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | France | 95,000 | 8.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Italy | 90,647 | 21.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Kuwait | Germany | 89,732 | 10.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 89,000 | 7.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 80,870 | 14.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Finland | Sweden | 79,395 | 31.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Luxembourg | 77,764 | 89.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Greece | Slovenia | 75,000 | 35.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Greece | Croatia | 74,300 | 39.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovakia | 73,904 | 41.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Ireland | 72,245 | 42.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Portugal | 72,095 | 86.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Romania | 69,000 | 22.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Czechia | 69,000 | 23.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Slovenia | 67,000 | 31.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Slovenia | 66,000 | 31.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Finland | Poland | 65,807 | 11.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Croatia | 61,100 | 32.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Latvia | 59,751 | 90.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Poland | 58,745 | 10.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Slovakia | 57,109 | 32.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Ireland | 54,326 | 31.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Croatia | 52,900 | 28.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Greece | 50,621 | 52.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Austria | 49,470 | 15.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Spain | 48,954 | 10.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 48,368 | 8.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 47,000 | 4.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Greece | 46,392 | 47.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Greece | Cyprus | 44,545 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 44,000 | 3.8% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Germany | Belgium | 41,500 | 8.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Singapore | Belgium | 41,400 | 8.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 41,133 | 5.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | France | 41,000 | 3.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Austria | 40,103 | 12.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Italy | 36,509 | 8.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Estonia | 36,000 | 58.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 33,655 | 5.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 33,096 | 13.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Slovakia | 32,957 | 18.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Hungary | 32,900 | 12.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Sweden | 30,020 | 12.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Romania | 29,000 | 9.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Hungary | 28,700 | 11.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 28,000 | 2.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Finland | Estonia | 26,000 | 41.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Romania | 25,000 | 8.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United States | Ireland | 24,538 | 14.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | France | 23,000 | 2.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Bulgaria | 19,947 | 53.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Spain | 19,817 | 4.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Greece | Romania | 19,000 | 6.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Ireland | 18,988 | 11.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Finland | Lithuania | 15,000 | 72.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Slovakia | 13,733 | 7.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Belgium | 12,100 | 2.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Hungary | 11,000 | 4.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Portugal | 10,995 | 13.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Malta | 9,273 | 58.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Greece | Bulgaria | 8,869 | 24.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Bulgaria | 8,187 | 22.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Malta | 6,711 | 42.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Luxembourg | 6,066 | 7.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Lithuania | 5,800 | 27.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Netherlands | 5,432 | 1.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Denmark | 4,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Hungary | 3,900 | 1.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Luxembourg | 3,114 | 3.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United States | Latvia | 3,069 | 4.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United States | Belgium | 2,600 | 0.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| India | Latvia | 2,113 | 3.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovenia | 2,000 | 1.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Italy | 1,382 | 0.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Finland | Latvia | 1,171 | 1.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| India | Netherlands | 1,155 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Italy | 1,135 | 0.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Latvia | 197 | 0.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
8 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2025-07 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-07 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined.
Left: the country the road diesel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-07, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-07 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Finland. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): for refined products, the country the fuel was last shipped from, as each EU member state reports it; it may be a trading hub rather than where the fuel was refined. The customs basis is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states may be fuel refined there or fuel only shipped on from elsewhere; they are grouped separately.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.