Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In August 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 7,449 kt of road diesel; the largest origins outside the EU were Saudi Arabia (9%) and the United States (9%), and 65% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
Saudi Arabia697 kt (9%)United States673 kt (9%)India341 kt (5%)United Kingdom286 kt (4%)Other origins outside the EU605 kt (8%)Netherlands1.23 Mt (16%)Germany884 kt (12%)Belgium624 kt (8%)Italy334 kt (4%)Denmark217 kt (3%)Spain207 kt (3%)Greece197 kt (3%)Lithuania190 kt (3%)Other EU member states935 kt (13%)Origin not reported33 kt (<1%)Germany1.07 Mt (14%)France1.02 Mt (14%)Netherlands711 kt (10%)Poland547 kt (7%)Belgium501 kt (7%)Italy490 kt (7%)Spain488 kt (7%)Sweden327 kt (4%)Czechia276 kt (4%)Austria275 kt (4%)Hungary274 kt (4%)Ireland223 kt (3%)Slovenia210 kt (3%)Croatia204 kt (3%)Slovakia140 kt (2%)Romania140 kt (2%)Latvia110 kt (1%)Portugal82 kt (1%)Estonia78 kt (1%)Greece76 kt (1%)Luxembourg75 kt (1%)Bulgaria67 kt (<1%)Cyprus32 kt (<1%)Malta20 kt (<1%)Lithuania13 kt (<1%)Denmark4.0 kt (<1%)
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Where the oil was produced
- Saudi Arabia697 kt (9%)
- United States673 kt (9%)
- India341 kt (5%)
- United Kingdom286 kt (4%)
- Other origins outside the EU605 kt (8%)
- Netherlands1.23 Mt (16%)
- Germany884 kt (12%)
- Belgium624 kt (8%)
- Italy334 kt (4%)
- Denmark217 kt (3%)
- Spain207 kt (3%)
- Greece197 kt (3%)
- Lithuania190 kt (3%)
- Other EU member states935 kt (13%)
- Origin not reported33 kt (<1%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Netherlands | Germany | 512,957 | 48.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | France | 370,000 | 36.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 349,159 | 71.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 303,100 | 60.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 232,856 | 32.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Poland | 227,008 | 41.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 219,400 | 80.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Czechia | 208,000 | 75.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Austria | 202,701 | 73.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Spain | 196,951 | 40.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Netherlands | 145,598 | 20.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 145,000 | 14.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Germany | 139,993 | 13.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Poland | 135,461 | 24.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 132,747 | 12.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | France | 127,000 | 12.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Denmark | Sweden | 115,862 | 35.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Slovenia | 114,000 | 54.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 112,395 | 10.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Ireland | 101,134 | 45.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Belgium | 100,200 | 20.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Poland | 99,190 | 18.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| India | Spain | 97,647 | 20.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Croatia | 92,700 | 45.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Ireland | 91,288 | 41.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Belgium | 90,700 | 18.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Spain | 90,471 | 18.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Netherlands | 87,559 | 12.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Sweden | 85,546 | 26.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Denmark | Netherlands | 84,457 | 11.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Romania | 82,000 | 58.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | France | 80,000 | 7.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Lithuania | Estonia | 78,000 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 77,782 | 23.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Lithuania | Latvia | 77,604 | 70.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 77,352 | 10.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 72,159 | 10.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Saudi Arabia | Germany | 70,758 | 6.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Germany | 70,219 | 6.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Greece | Slovenia | 69,000 | 32.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Czechia | 68,000 | 24.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 67,000 | 6.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Slovakia | 63,353 | 45.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Poland | 61,821 | 11.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovakia | 59,615 | 42.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Luxembourg | 58,313 | 77.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Greece | Croatia | 58,300 | 28.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Portugal | 58,176 | 70.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Spain | 54,198 | 11.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Croatia | 53,100 | 26.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Spain | France | 53,000 | 5.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Bulgaria | 49,058 | 72.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | France | 44,000 | 4.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Spain | 42,484 | 8.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Austria | 40,216 | 14.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Italy | 39,134 | 8.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Sweden | 34,515 | 10.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | France | 34,000 | 3.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Greece | Italy | 33,153 | 6.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | France | 33,000 | 3.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Origin not reported | France | 33,000 | 3.2% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Greece | Cyprus | 32,401 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Austria | 32,355 | 11.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | France | 32,000 | 3.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Greece | 30,765 | 40.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Ireland | 30,393 | 13.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Italy | 30,000 | 6.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Saudi Arabia | Greece | 30,000 | 39.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Hungary | 27,900 | 10.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Lithuania | Germany | 27,058 | 2.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovenia | 27,000 | 12.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| India | Romania | 26,000 | 18.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Latvia | 25,802 | 23.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Hungary | 25,000 | 9.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Italy | 19,984 | 4.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Romania | 19,000 | 13.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Italy | 17,452 | 3.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Slovakia | 17,322 | 12.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Denmark | Poland | 16,374 | 3.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Greece | 15,417 | 20.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Luxembourg | 14,387 | 19.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Bulgaria | 13,952 | 20.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Sweden | 13,434 | 4.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Lithuania | 13,200 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Portugal | 12,281 | 14.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Portugal | 11,761 | 14.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Malta | 11,398 | 58.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Romania | 11,000 | 7.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Netherlands | 8,506 | 1.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Spain | Malta | 8,250 | 42.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 7,100 | 1.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Lithuania | Poland | 7,073 | 1.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Spain | 6,193 | 1.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Latvia | 5,657 | 5.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Greece | Bulgaria | 4,333 | 6.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Denmark | 4,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Luxembourg | 2,708 | 3.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Netherlands | 2,514 | 0.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Romania | 2,000 | 1.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Hungary | 1,300 | 0.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Italy | 1,020 | 0.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| India | Latvia | 463 | 0.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
11 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2025-08 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-08 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the road diesel was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-08, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-08 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Finland. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.