Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In August 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 7,449 kt of road diesel; the largest origins outside the EU were Saudi Arabia (9%) and the United States (9%), and 65% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Netherlands1.23 Mt (16%)Germany884 kt (12%)Saudi Arabia697 kt (9%)United States673 kt (9%)Belgium624 kt (8%)India341 kt (5%)Italy334 kt (4%)United Kingdom286 kt (4%)Other origins (35)2.35 Mt (32%)Origin not reported33 kt (<1%)Germany1.07 Mt (14%)France1.02 Mt (14%)Netherlands711 kt (10%)Poland547 kt (7%)Belgium501 kt (7%)Other EU (21)3.61 Mt (48%)
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Where the oil was produced
- Colour = importing country:
- Germany
- France
- Netherlands
- Poland
- Belgium
- Other EU (21)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (35) | Other EU (21) | 1,591,922 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Germany | 512,957 | 48.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Other EU (21) | 470,310 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | Other EU (21) | 381,159 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | France | 370,000 | 36.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 303,100 | 60.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Other EU (21) | 301,700 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (35) | Netherlands | 252,681 | 35.5% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 232,856 | 32.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (21) | 230,567 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Poland | 227,008 | 41.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Other EU (21) | 208,504 | — | Summed by usSum of 7 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Other EU (21) | 178,143 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (35) | France | 153,000 | 15.0% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Netherlands | 145,598 | 20.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 145,000 | 14.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Other EU (21) | 144,094 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Germany | 139,993 | 13.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (35) | Germany | 139,453 | 13.1% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Poland | 135,461 | 24.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 132,747 | 12.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | France | 127,000 | 12.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (35) | Poland | 122,637 | 22.4% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | Belgium | 100,200 | 20.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Other EU (21) | 98,989 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (35) | Belgium | 90,900 | 18.1% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | France | 80,000 | 7.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 77,352 | 10.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Germany | 70,758 | 6.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Germany | 70,219 | 6.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Poland | 61,821 | 11.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 44,000 | 4.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 34,000 | 3.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 33,000 | 3.2% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Italy | France | 32,000 | 3.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 7,100 | 1.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Netherlands | 2,514 | 0.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
2 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2025-08 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-08 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the road diesel was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-08, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-08 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Finland. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.