Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In October 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 8,304 kt of road diesel; the largest origins outside the EU were the United States (11%) and Saudi Arabia (11%), and 63% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
United States938 kt (11%)Saudi Arabia909 kt (11%)United Kingdom415 kt (5%)India280 kt (3%)Singapore185 kt (2%)Other origins outside the EU321 kt (4%)Netherlands1.53 Mt (18%)Germany1.08 Mt (13%)Belgium570 kt (7%)Italy330 kt (4%)Finland265 kt (3%)Greece231 kt (3%)Spain214 kt (3%)Other EU member states1.02 Mt (12%)Origin not reported20 kt (<1%)France1.30 Mt (16%)Germany1.11 Mt (13%)Netherlands945 kt (11%)Belgium666 kt (8%)Poland647 kt (8%)Italy438 kt (5%)Spain350 kt (4%)Sweden309 kt (4%)Austria301 kt (4%)Hungary299 kt (4%)Slovenia269 kt (3%)Czechia246 kt (3%)Ireland236 kt (3%)Romania207 kt (2%)Slovakia192 kt (2%)Croatia174 kt (2%)Portugal142 kt (2%)Latvia114 kt (1%)Luxembourg74 kt (<1%)Greece71 kt (<1%)Estonia70 kt (<1%)Lithuania50 kt (<1%)Bulgaria49 kt (<1%)Cyprus21 kt (<1%)Malta13 kt (<1%)Denmark8.0 kt (<1%)
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Country it was last shipped from
- United States938 kt (11%)
- Saudi Arabia909 kt (11%)
- United Kingdom415 kt (5%)
- India280 kt (3%)
- Singapore185 kt (2%)
- Other origins outside the EU321 kt (4%)
- Netherlands1.53 Mt (18%)
- Germany1.08 Mt (13%)
- Belgium570 kt (7%)
- Italy330 kt (4%)
- Finland265 kt (3%)
- Greece231 kt (3%)
- Spain214 kt (3%)
- Other EU member states1.02 Mt (12%)
- Origin not reported20 kt (<1%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country last shipped from
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| United States | France | 491,000 | 37.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 490,187 | 44.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 489,000 | 37.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 451,700 | 67.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 325,513 | 34.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United States | Germany | 282,750 | 25.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 251,272 | 57.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 238,700 | 79.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Poland | 233,248 | 36.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 229,089 | 24.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Austria | 222,899 | 74.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Czechia | 192,000 | 78.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 191,779 | 20.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 169,406 | 17.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Poland | 165,558 | 25.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 164,091 | 14.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Ireland | 138,595 | 58.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Slovenia | 132,000 | 49.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Italy | 124,026 | 28.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| India | Germany | 122,456 | 11.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Spain | 115,162 | 32.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Finland | Sweden | 107,704 | 34.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Singapore | Spain | 107,044 | 30.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Sweden | 106,654 | 34.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Finland | Poland | 104,439 | 16.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 97,269 | 27.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Slovakia | 95,305 | 49.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | France | 94,000 | 7.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Portugal | 83,955 | 59.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovakia | 81,208 | 42.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Greece | Slovenia | 80,000 | 29.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Latvia | 74,907 | 65.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Ireland | 74,834 | 31.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United States | Poland | 73,743 | 11.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Greece | Croatia | 67,700 | 39.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Croatia | 66,900 | 38.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Luxembourg | 66,865 | 90.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Singapore | Belgium | 64,200 | 9.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Greece | Romania | 62,000 | 30.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| India | Romania | 57,000 | 27.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Slovenia | 55,000 | 20.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Czechia | 54,000 | 22.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Saudi Arabia | Romania | 54,000 | 26.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| India | Belgium | 53,900 | 8.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 53,200 | 8.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 49,106 | 15.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Estonia | 46,000 | 65.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | France | 44,000 | 3.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Italy | 43,849 | 10.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Greece | 43,052 | 60.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 43,000 | 3.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 43,000 | 3.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Hungary | 41,500 | 13.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Portugal | 40,445 | 28.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Austria | 40,410 | 13.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Bulgaria | 40,016 | 81.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Croatia | 38,900 | 22.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Austria | 37,373 | 12.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Belgium | 36,400 | 5.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Sweden | 36,222 | 11.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Poland | 35,047 | 5.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Poland | 32,953 | 5.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 32,577 | 2.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| India | France | 32,000 | 2.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Finland | Latvia | 28,148 | 24.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United States | Lithuania | 28,000 | 55.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Greece | 27,713 | 39.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Romania | 25,000 | 12.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Ireland | 22,307 | 9.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Germany | 22,126 | 2.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Netherlands | 21,343 | 2.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 20,000 | 1.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 20,000 | 1.5% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| United States | Estonia | 19,000 | 27.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Portugal | 17,990 | 12.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Hungary | 16,900 | 5.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Finland | Lithuania | 15,700 | 31.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Slovakia | 15,301 | 8.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Greece | Cyprus | 14,848 | 71.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Italy | 14,083 | 3.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Singapore | France | 14,000 | 1.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Spain | 11,437 | 3.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | France | 10,000 | 0.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Spain | 9,984 | 2.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Sweden | 9,401 | 3.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| India | Spain | 9,332 | 2.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Netherlands | 8,193 | 0.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Denmark | 8,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Malta | 7,387 | 58.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Latvia | 7,266 | 6.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Romania | 7,000 | 3.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Greece | Bulgaria | 6,604 | 13.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Finland | Belgium | 6,500 | 1.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Lithuania | 6,200 | 12.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Cyprus | 6,064 | 29.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Spain | Malta | 5,347 | 42.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Italy | 4,482 | 1.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Luxembourg | 3,745 | 5.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Luxembourg | 3,692 | 5.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| India | Latvia | 3,383 | 3.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Finland | Estonia | 3,000 | 4.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Bulgaria | 2,306 | 4.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Romania | 2,000 | 1.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Estonia | 2,000 | 2.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovenia | 2,000 | 0.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| India | Poland | 1,732 | 0.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Hungary | 1,600 | 0.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Lithuania | 200 | 0.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
10 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2025-10 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-10 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined.
Left: the country the road diesel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-10, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-10 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Finland. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): for refined products, the country the fuel was last shipped from, as each EU member state reports it; it may be a trading hub rather than where the fuel was refined. The customs basis is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states may be fuel refined there or fuel only shipped on from elsewhere; they are grouped separately.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.