Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In November 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 7,064 kt of road diesel; the largest origins outside the EU were Saudi Arabia (11%) and India (6%), and 65% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Netherlands1.46 Mt (21%)Germany857 kt (12%)Saudi Arabia790 kt (11%)Belgium650 kt (9%)India436 kt (6%)Other origins (40)2.87 Mt (41%)Origin not reported8.0 kt (<1%)Germany1.10 Mt (16%)France944 kt (13%)Poland599 kt (8%)Netherlands575 kt (8%)Belgium396 kt (6%)Italy395 kt (6%)Sweden344 kt (5%)Spain331 kt (5%)Other EU (18)2.38 Mt (34%)
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Where the oil was produced
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (40) | Other EU (18) | 1,424,078 | — | Summed by usSum of 17 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Germany | 655,658 | 59.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Other EU (18) | 441,477 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (40) | France | 333,000 | 35.3% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 327,000 | 34.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 282,200 | 71.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (40) | Sweden | 252,151 | 73.4% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 218,212 | 55.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (40) | Poland | 213,317 | 35.6% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 212,160 | 36.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Poland | 205,976 | 34.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Other EU (18) | 201,933 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (40) | Germany | 199,386 | 18.2% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (40) | Netherlands | 195,708 | 34.0% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Germany | 180,040 | 16.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 167,421 | 29.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Other EU (18) | 130,321 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Poland | 120,206 | 20.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (40) | Spain | 116,319 | 35.2% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Spain | 114,089 | 34.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (18) | 106,264 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| India | Italy | 103,085 | 26.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | France | 97,000 | 10.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 91,515 | 26.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Other EU (18) | 79,120 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | France | 77,000 | 8.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (40) | Belgium | 69,100 | 17.5% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | France | 67,000 | 7.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (40) | Italy | 63,807 | 16.2% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| India | Germany | 62,455 | 5.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Poland | 59,654 | 10.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Spain | 57,290 | 17.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Spain | 43,189 | 13.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Belgium | 37,500 | 9.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 35,000 | 3.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Italy | 9,312 | 2.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 8,000 | 0.8% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Germany | Belgium | 6,900 | 1.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
4 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2025-11 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-11 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the road diesel was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-11, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-11 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Finland. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.