Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In November 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 7,064 kt of road diesel; the largest origins outside the EU were Saudi Arabia (11%) and India (6%), and 65% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
Saudi Arabia790 kt (11%)India436 kt (6%)United Kingdom261 kt (4%)United States241 kt (3%)United Arab Emirates176 kt (2%)Singapore157 kt (2%)Other origins outside the EU424 kt (6%)Netherlands1.46 Mt (21%)Germany857 kt (12%)Belgium650 kt (9%)Italy328 kt (5%)Finland187 kt (3%)Spain181 kt (3%)Other EU member states912 kt (13%)Origin not reported8.0 kt (<1%)Germany1.10 Mt (16%)France944 kt (13%)Poland599 kt (8%)Netherlands575 kt (8%)Belgium396 kt (6%)Italy395 kt (6%)Sweden344 kt (5%)Spain331 kt (5%)Hungary311 kt (4%)Austria283 kt (4%)Slovenia272 kt (4%)Czechia228 kt (3%)Ireland199 kt (3%)Romania186 kt (3%)Portugal184 kt (3%)Croatia141 kt (2%)Slovakia137 kt (2%)Latvia106 kt (1%)Luxembourg76 kt (1%)Bulgaria65 kt (<1%)Estonia65 kt (<1%)Lithuania42 kt (<1%)Cyprus38 kt (<1%)Greece30 kt (<1%)Malta13 kt (<1%)Denmark8.0 kt (<1%)
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Country it was last shipped from
- Saudi Arabia790 kt (11%)
- India436 kt (6%)
- United Kingdom261 kt (4%)
- United States241 kt (3%)
- United Arab Emirates176 kt (2%)
- Singapore157 kt (2%)
- Other origins outside the EU424 kt (6%)
- Netherlands1.46 Mt (21%)
- Germany857 kt (12%)
- Belgium650 kt (9%)
- Italy328 kt (5%)
- Finland187 kt (3%)
- Spain181 kt (3%)
- Other EU member states912 kt (13%)
- Origin not reported8.0 kt (<1%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country last shipped from
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Netherlands | Germany | 655,658 | 59.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 327,000 | 34.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 282,200 | 71.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Slovenia | 223,000 | 82.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 218,212 | 55.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 212,160 | 36.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Austria | 211,173 | 74.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Poland | 205,976 | 34.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 202,400 | 65.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Czechia | 201,000 | 88.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 180,040 | 16.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Arab Emirates | France | 176,000 | 18.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 167,421 | 29.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Germany | 136,909 | 12.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Poland | 120,206 | 20.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 114,089 | 34.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| India | Italy | 103,085 | 26.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Finland | Sweden | 100,047 | 29.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Sweden | 99,704 | 29.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Saudi Arabia | Romania | 98,000 | 52.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| India | France | 97,000 | 10.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 91,515 | 26.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 85,404 | 14.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Ireland | 82,682 | 41.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Poland | 81,853 | 13.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Poland | 80,095 | 13.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 77,000 | 8.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Hungary | 77,000 | 24.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Croatia | 75,900 | 53.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Singapore | Spain | 75,588 | 22.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Ireland | 72,036 | 36.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovakia | 71,057 | 51.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Spain | France | 70,000 | 7.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 68,529 | 11.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | France | 67,000 | 7.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Croatia | 65,100 | 46.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Luxembourg | 64,271 | 84.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Singapore | Belgium | 63,900 | 16.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Latvia | 63,842 | 60.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Spain | Portugal | 63,324 | 34.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| India | Germany | 62,455 | 5.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| India | Portugal | 61,001 | 33.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Poland | 59,654 | 10.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United States | France | 58,000 | 6.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| India | Spain | 57,290 | 17.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Slovakia | 55,067 | 40.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Romania | 53,000 | 28.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Germany | 52,591 | 4.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Sweden | 52,400 | 15.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Slovenia | 48,000 | 17.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Ireland | 43,786 | 22.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Spain | 43,189 | 13.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Netherlands | 41,735 | 7.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Estonia | 41,700 | 64.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Spain | 40,707 | 12.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Finland | Poland | 38,905 | 6.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Italy | 38,780 | 9.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Austria | 38,683 | 13.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| India | Belgium | 37,500 | 9.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 35,000 | 3.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Austria | 33,201 | 11.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Portugal | 32,962 | 17.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Bulgaria | 28,700 | 44.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Portugal | 27,024 | 14.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Czechia | 27,000 | 11.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Saudi Arabia | Bulgaria | 26,933 | 41.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Cyprus | 25,455 | 67.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Finland | Latvia | 25,151 | 23.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Italy | 25,027 | 6.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Lithuania | 21,300 | 51.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Greece | 19,940 | 66.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Finland | Lithuania | 18,200 | 43.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Hungary | 18,000 | 5.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| India | Romania | 18,000 | 9.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Singapore | France | 18,000 | 1.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Estonia | 17,300 | 26.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Romania | 17,000 | 9.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Hungary | 12,800 | 4.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Poland | 12,464 | 2.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Cyprus | 12,352 | 32.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 11,000 | 1.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Slovakia | 10,702 | 7.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Greece | 10,276 | 34.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 9,829 | 0.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Latvia | 9,458 | 8.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Bulgaria | 9,369 | 14.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Italy | 9,312 | 2.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Denmark | 8,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Origin not reported | France | 8,000 | 0.8% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Malta | 7,669 | 58.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Belgium | 6,900 | 1.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Luxembourg | 5,802 | 7.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Luxembourg | 5,704 | 7.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Malta | 5,550 | 42.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Belgium | 5,200 | 1.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Finland | Estonia | 4,500 | 6.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Latvia | 4,232 | 4.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Latvia | 2,964 | 2.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Lithuania | 2,000 | 4.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Estonia | 1,500 | 2.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Hungary | 1,000 | 0.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovenia | 1,000 | 0.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| India | Latvia | 119 | 0.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
8 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2025-11 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-11 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined.
Left: the country the road diesel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-11, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-11 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Finland. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): for refined products, the country the fuel was last shipped from, as each EU member state reports it; it may be a trading hub rather than where the fuel was refined. The customs basis is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states may be fuel refined there or fuel only shipped on from elsewhere; they are grouped separately.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.