Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In May 2026, all 27 EU member states reported importing 6,782 kt of road diesel; the largest origins outside the EU were Saudi Arabia (12%) and the United States (10%), and 67% came from other EU member states, with 1% not attributed to any country.
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Country it was last shipped from
- Colour = importing country:
- France
- Netherlands
- Poland
- Germany
- Belgium
- Other EU (20)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country last shipped from
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (34) | Other EU (20) | 1,329,460 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 682,221 | 76.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Other EU (20) | 541,472 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Other EU (20) | 456,842 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | France | 443,000 | 42.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 431,900 | 84.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 304,470 | 48.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Other EU (20) | 283,372 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Poland | 250,956 | 37.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 184,000 | 17.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 173,000 | 16.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (34) | Poland | 132,117 | 19.9% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Spain | Other EU (20) | 124,700 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Other EU (20) | 106,411 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Germany | 105,529 | 16.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United States | Poland | 102,127 | 15.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Other EU (20) | 99,686 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Sweden | Poland | 92,071 | 13.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (34) | Netherlands | 87,707 | 9.8% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | Germany | 77,305 | 12.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 74,000 | 7.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (34) | France | 72,000 | 6.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins (34) | Germany | 64,531 | 10.3% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Netherlands | 62,459 | 7.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (34) | Belgium | 61,400 | 12.0% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Other EU (20) | 59,604 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Spain | France | 54,000 | 5.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United States | Germany | 42,692 | 6.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Poland | 41,728 | 6.3% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Sweden | Other EU (20) | 40,045 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | France | 38,000 | 3.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 34,642 | 3.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Poland | 33,882 | 5.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Germany | 31,368 | 5.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Netherlands | 23,435 | 2.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Poland | 12,297 | 1.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 12,200 | 2.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Other EU (20) | 7,441 | 2.6% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Saudi Arabia | Belgium | 6,500 | 1.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Germany | 674 | 0.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
3 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2026-05 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined.
Left: the country the road diesel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2026-05, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2026-05 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Denmark, Finland. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): for refined products, the country the fuel was last shipped from, as each EU member state reports it; it may be a trading hub rather than where the fuel was refined. The customs basis is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states may be fuel refined there or fuel only shipped on from elsewhere; they are grouped separately.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.