Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In April 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 2,925 kt of fuel oil; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (13%) and Gibraltar (6%), and 63% came from other EU member states, with 1% not attributed to any country.
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Where the oil was produced
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
Total fuel oil imports reported (Apr 2025)
154.8 thousand tonnes
5% of reported EU fuel oil imports
Official
Top origin countries
- Other origins (32)155 kt (100%)
Source: Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belgium | Netherlands | 402,650 | 33.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (32) | Netherlands | 368,860 | 31.0% | Summed by usSum of 7 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 324,810 | 27.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 281,800 | 86.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Gibraltar | Spain | 182,236 | 31.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (32) | Spain | 173,871 | 29.9% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (32) | Other EU (13) | 166,337 | — | Summed by usSum of 10 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Spain | 158,569 | 27.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (32) | Malta | 154,819 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (32) | Greece | 101,408 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Netherlands | 94,856 | 8.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (32) | Italy | 83,420 | 90.0% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (32) | France | 73,000 | 73.7% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Other EU (13) | 71,634 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (32) | Germany | 59,036 | 64.7% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Spain | 40,409 | 6.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Other EU (13) | 30,000 | 42.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Spain | 27,065 | 4.6% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Germany | Belgium | 26,100 | 8.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 21,000 | 21.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 16,059 | 17.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Other EU (13) | 12,572 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United Kingdom | Belgium | 11,500 | 3.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 10,987 | 12.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Italy | 9,262 | 10.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Other EU (13) | 7,000 | 10.0% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Other origins (32) | Belgium | 5,400 | 1.7% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Germany | 5,222 | 5.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 3,000 | 3.0% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Netherlands | France | 2,000 | 2.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-04 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the fuel oil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-04, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-04 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.