Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In May 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 3,212 kt of fuel oil; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (13%), and 63% came from other EU member states, with 1% not attributed to any country.
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Where the oil was produced
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
Total to EU member states (May 2025)
477.1 thousand tonnes
15% of reported EU fuel oil imports
Official
Top destination countries
- Belgium247 kt (52%)
- Spain130 kt (27%)
- Other EU (10)62 kt (13%)
and 2 more in the table above
Source: Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (31) | Netherlands | 531,650 | 35.6% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 445,853 | 29.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (31) | Spain | 326,140 | 55.6% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 280,003 | 18.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 246,800 | 70.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Netherlands | 144,815 | 9.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 130,385 | 22.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (31) | Other EU (10) | 115,519 | — | Summed by usSum of 9 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United Kingdom | Denmark | 108,000 | 64.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (31) | France | 98,000 | 63.6% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (31) | Germany | 90,683 | 77.0% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Netherlands | 89,617 | 6.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Spain | 83,199 | 14.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (31) | Belgium | 79,000 | 22.6% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (31) | Malta | 75,772 | 68.6% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Other EU (10) | 62,108 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (31) | Greece | 56,220 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | France | 51,000 | 33.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Malta | 34,682 | 31.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Spain | 31,600 | 5.4% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Netherlands | Denmark | 26,000 | 15.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 23,100 | 6.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (31) | Denmark | 17,000 | 10.1% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Denmark | 16,000 | 9.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Spain | 15,521 | 2.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 15,221 | 12.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 11,841 | 10.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 5,000 | 3.2% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Origin not reported | Denmark | 1,000 | 0.6% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Germany | Other EU (10) | 311 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
2 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-05 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the fuel oil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-05, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-05 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Czechia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.