Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In January 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 3,894 kt of fuel oil; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (12%), and 78% came from other EU member states, with 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
United Kingdom460 kt (12%)Gibraltar144 kt (4%)Other origins outside the EU230 kt (6%)Belgium690 kt (18%)Netherlands528 kt (14%)France307 kt (8%)Germany280 kt (7%)Italy190 kt (5%)Sweden181 kt (5%)Lithuania155 kt (4%)Spain147 kt (4%)Denmark131 kt (3%)Estonia101 kt (3%)Other EU member states314 kt (8%)Origin not reported36 kt (<1%)Netherlands1.92 Mt (49%)Spain647 kt (17%)Belgium400 kt (10%)Denmark213 kt (5%)France164 kt (4%)Malta137 kt (4%)Greece110 kt (3%)Cyprus84 kt (2%)Italy62 kt (2%)Germany61 kt (2%)Portugal31 kt (<1%)Ireland25 kt (<1%)Poland20 kt (<1%)Sweden11 kt (<1%)Estonia5.0 kt (<1%)Bulgaria4.8 kt (<1%)Lithuania1.0 kt (<1%)Croatia0.6 kt (<1%)Latvialess than 0.1 kt (<1%)
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Where the oil was produced
- United Kingdom460 kt (12%)
- Gibraltar144 kt (4%)
- Other origins outside the EU230 kt (6%)
- Belgium690 kt (18%)
- Netherlands528 kt (14%)
- France307 kt (8%)
- Germany280 kt (7%)
- Italy190 kt (5%)
- Sweden181 kt (5%)
- Lithuania155 kt (4%)
- Spain147 kt (4%)
- Denmark131 kt (3%)
- Estonia101 kt (3%)
- Other EU member states314 kt (8%)
- Origin not reported36 kt (<1%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belgium | Netherlands | 498,083 | 26.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 324,765 | 16.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 271,911 | 14.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 248,900 | 62.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Netherlands | 230,163 | 12.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Lithuania | Netherlands | 149,715 | 7.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Gibraltar | Spain | 143,765 | 22.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 143,668 | 7.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Spain | 122,887 | 19.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 111,222 | 17.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 101,603 | 5.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Estonia | Netherlands | 100,463 | 5.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Denmark | Netherlands | 98,638 | 5.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Denmark | 92,000 | 43.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Belgium | 88,700 | 22.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Denmark | 87,000 | 40.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Spain | 79,706 | 12.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 79,000 | 48.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Spain | 66,481 | 10.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | France | 56,000 | 34.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Belgium | 53,300 | 13.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Italy | 49,168 | 79.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Spain | Cyprus | 41,930 | 50.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Malta | 40,474 | 29.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 39,480 | 65.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Malta | 34,032 | 24.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Spain | Malta | 33,109 | 24.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Spain | 32,958 | 5.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Spain | Greece | 32,822 | 29.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Spain | 32,818 | 5.1% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| France | Greece | 32,326 | 29.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Portugal | 30,903 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Spain | 30,034 | 4.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Greece | 26,302 | 23.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Ireland | 24,894 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Spain | 20,997 | 3.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Cyprus | 20,915 | 25.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Denmark | Germany | 20,751 | 34.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Poland | 20,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Cyprus | 19,114 | 22.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Greece | 18,451 | 16.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 18,000 | 11.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| France | Malta | 17,745 | 13.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Denmark | 16,000 | 7.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Denmark | 13,000 | 6.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Italy | 12,849 | 20.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Denmark | Sweden | 11,492 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Malta | 11,247 | 8.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Belgium | 8,000 | 2.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | France | 8,000 | 4.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Spain | 5,632 | 0.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Lithuania | Denmark | 5,000 | 2.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Estonia | 5,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Bulgaria | 4,589 | 95.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Origin not reported | France | 3,000 | 1.8% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Other EU member states | Cyprus | 1,675 | 2.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Estonia | Lithuania | 1,000 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Belgium | 700 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Croatia | 627 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Bulgaria | 233 | 4.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Germany | 168 | 0.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 75 | 0.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Lithuania | Latvia | 5 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2024-01 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-01 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the fuel oil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-01, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-01 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Austria, Czechia, Finland, Hungary, Luxembourg, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.