Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In April 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 3,903 kt of fuel oil; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (10%) and the United States (7%), and 67% came from other EU member states, with 2% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
United Kingdom407 kt (10%)United States278 kt (7%)Gibraltar166 kt (4%)Israel116 kt (3%)Other origins outside the EU271 kt (7%)Belgium694 kt (18%)Netherlands408 kt (10%)Sweden340 kt (9%)Germany223 kt (6%)France212 kt (5%)Italy145 kt (4%)Poland145 kt (4%)Lithuania116 kt (3%)Other EU member states316 kt (8%)Origin not reported66 kt (2%)Netherlands2.17 Mt (56%)Spain550 kt (14%)Belgium299 kt (8%)France142 kt (4%)Malta142 kt (4%)Greece102 kt (3%)Germany101 kt (3%)Denmark90 kt (2%)Italy87 kt (2%)Cyprus76 kt (2%)Sweden73 kt (2%)Estonia34 kt (<1%)Ireland13 kt (<1%)Portugal9.7 kt (<1%)Slovakia6.3 kt (<1%)Poland3.0 kt (<1%)Bulgaria2.1 kt (<1%)Lithuania0.8 kt (<1%)Croatia0.6 kt (<1%)Latvia0.4 kt (<1%)Austria0.2 kt (<1%)
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Where the oil was produced
- United Kingdom407 kt (10%)
- United States278 kt (7%)
- Gibraltar166 kt (4%)
- Israel116 kt (3%)
- Other origins outside the EU271 kt (7%)
- Belgium694 kt (18%)
- Netherlands408 kt (10%)
- Sweden340 kt (9%)
- Germany223 kt (6%)
- France212 kt (5%)
- Italy145 kt (4%)
- Poland145 kt (4%)
- Lithuania116 kt (3%)
- Other EU member states316 kt (8%)
- Origin not reported66 kt (2%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belgium | Netherlands | 630,285 | 29.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 375,927 | 17.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 274,370 | 12.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 215,900 | 72.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 191,846 | 8.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Gibraltar | Spain | 165,868 | 30.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Netherlands | 154,649 | 7.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Netherlands | 145,421 | 6.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Poland | Netherlands | 144,244 | 6.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Lithuania | Netherlands | 115,516 | 5.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Spain | 100,121 | 18.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 74,886 | 3.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Spain | 68,479 | 12.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Spain | 65,557 | 11.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Cyprus | 63,550 | 83.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Netherlands | 62,758 | 2.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Belgium | 61,400 | 20.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Israel | Greece | 60,118 | 58.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Denmark | 54,000 | 60.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Malta | 53,283 | 37.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Germany | 53,036 | 52.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Spain | 52,726 | 9.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Sweden | 45,765 | 62.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Malta | 45,019 | 31.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Israel | Malta | 43,242 | 30.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 41,000 | 28.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 39,000 | 27.5% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Italy | 37,004 | 42.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Greece | 31,967 | 31.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Spain | 30,709 | 5.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 27,000 | 19.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Origin not reported | Spain | 26,616 | 4.8% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| France | Spain | 25,066 | 4.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Italy | 25,033 | 28.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Italy | 24,535 | 28.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | France | 24,000 | 16.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Sweden | 23,654 | 32.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Denmark | 23,000 | 25.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Estonia | 18,000 | 52.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| France | Belgium | 16,800 | 5.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 16,023 | 15.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Germany | 15,936 | 15.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 15,917 | 15.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Spain | 15,051 | 2.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Israel | Cyprus | 12,912 | 16.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Ireland | 12,664 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Estonia | 12,000 | 35.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Denmark | 11,000 | 12.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Greece | 10,338 | 10.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Portugal | 9,703 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | France | 8,000 | 5.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Slovakia | 6,286 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Belgium | 5,100 | 1.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Estonia | 4,000 | 11.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 3,731 | 5.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Poland | 3,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | France | 3,000 | 2.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Denmark | 2,000 | 2.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Bulgaria | 1,824 | 88.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Lithuania | 800 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Croatia | 587 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Origin not reported | Latvia | 400 | 100.0% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Poland | Germany | 352 | 0.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Bulgaria | 231 | 11.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Austria | 202 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
3 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2024-04 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-04 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the fuel oil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-04, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-04 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Czechia, Finland, Hungary, Luxembourg, Romania, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.