Fuel Origin

Flows

How oil reaches each country

Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.

In July 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 4,285 kt of fuel oil; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (9%) and the United States (5%), and 73% came from other EU member states, with 2% not attributed to any country.

Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
OilCrude oilRoad dieselPetrolJet fuelHeating and other gasoilFuel oilNaphthaLPG
Month
Jul 2024
Latest month all EU members reported
2026
2025
2024
2023
Origins named891011121314151617181920

Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.

Where the oil was produced

  • Reported (solid)
  • Summed by us (dotted)
  • Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
Reported imports, largest first
FromToTonnesShareHow we know
BelgiumNetherlands600,80723.7%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
EstoniaNetherlands415,83516.4%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
GermanyNetherlands384,04415.1%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
United KingdomNetherlands314,45212.4%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
NetherlandsBelgium283,30077.3%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
SwedenNetherlands171,3176.8%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
FranceNetherlands157,1516.2%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
United StatesNetherlands149,2445.9%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
PolandNetherlands142,5525.6%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
ItalyNetherlands135,5905.3%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
GibraltarSpain124,21223.1%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesGreece96,00061.4%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
ItalySpain87,18316.2%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
SpainCyprus86,62892.0%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins outside the EUMalta84,02357.2%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
SwedenSpain79,50214.8%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
NetherlandsSpain69,74513.0%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
NetherlandsDenmark66,00078.6%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
United StatesBelgium65,80018.0%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins outside the EUNetherlands65,7042.6%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Origin not reportedSpain63,66211.9%Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners.
Other origins outside the EUSpain57,63810.7%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
NetherlandsGermany49,71743.5%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesMalta41,84928.5%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other origins outside the EUFrance37,00056.1%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other origins outside the EUGermany36,57132.0%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
United KingdomSpain34,4916.4%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
FranceGreece32,88621.0%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
NetherlandsItaly32,88459.9%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
BelgiumGermany22,63919.8%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
SpainPortugal21,000100.0%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
NetherlandsSweden19,36562.2%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesItaly19,02534.6%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
United KingdomFinland16,00025.8%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
NetherlandsFinland16,00025.8%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins outside the EUFinland16,00025.8%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
SwedenFinland14,00022.6%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesSpain12,9002.4%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other EU member statesSweden11,79337.8%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
United KingdomBelgium11,5003.1%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
United KingdomGreece11,4967.3%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
NetherlandsFrance11,00016.7%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
SwedenDenmark10,00011.9%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins outside the EUGreece9,9656.4%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
United StatesSpain7,4881.4%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
FranceMalta7,1964.9%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
United KingdomMalta7,1454.9%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
GermanyDenmark7,0008.3%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Origin not reportedFrance7,00010.6%Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners.
United StatesMalta6,6564.5%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesSlovakia6,252100.0%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
ItalyGreece6,0793.9%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
SwedenFrance6,0009.1%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
GermanyBelgium5,7001.6%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins outside the EUCyprus4,9725.3%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other EU member statesGermany4,8994.3%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other origins outside the EUItaly3,0295.5%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other EU member statesCyprus2,5712.7%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
BelgiumFrance2,0003.0%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins outside the EUEstonia2,000100.0%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other EU member statesPoland2,000100.0%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
United StatesFrance2,0003.0%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesBulgaria1,97785.5%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
SpainFrance1,0001.5%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesCzechia1,000100.0%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Origin not reportedDenmark1,0001.2%Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners.
PolandGermany4610.4%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins outside the EUBulgaria33614.5%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other EU member statesCroatia330100.0%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
EstoniaLithuania30050.0%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesLithuania20033.3%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
GermanyLithuania10016.7%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesLatvia76100.0%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.

2 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.

Source & method
Source
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Period 2024-07 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV

Left: where the fuel oil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-07, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).

Month: 2024-07 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).

Not in the diagram: Austria, Hungary, Ireland, Luxembourg, Romania, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.

  • Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
  • Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
  • A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.