Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In August 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 3,476 kt of fuel oil; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (19%), and 70% came from other EU member states, with 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
United Kingdom649 kt (19%)Belgium478 kt (14%)Netherlands404 kt (12%)France282 kt (8%)Germany278 kt (8%)Malta185 kt (5%)Italy179 kt (5%)United States120 kt (3%)Other origins (28)863 kt (25%)Origin not reported36 kt (1%)Netherlands1.71 Mt (49%)Spain512 kt (15%)Belgium285 kt (8%)Greece195 kt (6%)Malta152 kt (4%)Other EU (15)619 kt (18%)
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Where the oil was produced
- Colour = importing country:
- Netherlands
- Spain
- Belgium
- Greece
- Malta
- Other EU (15)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belgium | Netherlands | 425,891 | 24.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 417,442 | 24.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (28) | Other EU (15) | 360,317 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (28) | Netherlands | 317,860 | 18.6% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 247,700 | 86.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Netherlands | 227,908 | 13.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 224,003 | 13.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Spain | 203,515 | 39.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Malta | Greece | 152,459 | 78.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Spain | 130,317 | 25.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (15) | 110,756 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Netherlands | 100,333 | 5.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (28) | Malta | 99,898 | 65.9% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (28) | Spain | 78,771 | 15.4% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Other EU (15) | 52,530 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Italy | Malta | 48,680 | 32.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 45,587 | 8.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Other EU (15) | 40,952 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Malta | Other EU (15) | 32,907 | 23.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Greece | 29,994 | 15.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Spain | 28,898 | 5.6% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| France | Spain | 24,586 | 4.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 13,100 | 4.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Belgium | 13,000 | 4.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Belgium | 11,500 | 4.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Other EU (15) | 10,436 | 10.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Other EU (15) | 7,000 | 10.1% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Other origins (28) | Greece | 6,357 | 3.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Greece | 5,887 | 3.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Other EU (15) | 4,000 | 14.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Malta | 3,004 | 2.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
Source & method
Source Period 2024-08 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-08 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the fuel oil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-08, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-08 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Austria, Czechia, Hungary, Ireland, Luxembourg, Romania, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.