Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In September 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 3,394 kt of fuel oil; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (18%), and 72% came from other EU member states, with 1% not attributed to any country.
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Where the oil was produced
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belgium | Netherlands | 525,066 | 26.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (36) | Netherlands | 449,497 | 22.9% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 433,461 | 22.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 382,381 | 19.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 282,600 | 86.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (36) | Spain | 181,467 | 37.2% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Finland | Netherlands | 174,570 | 8.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Spain | 145,524 | 29.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 132,026 | 27.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (36) | Other EU (12) | 116,804 | — | Summed by usSum of 9 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (36) | Greece | 111,416 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (36) | Malta | 97,114 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (36) | Cyprus | 63,214 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (36) | France | 56,000 | 80.0% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Other EU (12) | 55,411 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (36) | Germany | 37,613 | 40.8% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Origin not reported | Spain | 28,523 | 5.9% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Belgium | Germany | 25,720 | 27.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 18,173 | 19.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (36) | Belgium | 15,900 | 4.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Belgium | 14,700 | 4.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 14,100 | 4.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 10,667 | 11.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 8,000 | 11.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Other EU (12) | 7,169 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Origin not reported | France | 6,000 | 8.6% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Finland | Other EU (12) | 1,000 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-09 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the fuel oil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-09, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-09 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Finland, Hungary, Ireland, Luxembourg, Poland, Romania, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.