Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In October 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 3,165 kt of fuel oil; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (18%), and 67% came from other EU member states, with 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
United Kingdom582 kt (18%)Gibraltar133 kt (4%)Mexico81 kt (3%)Other origins outside the EU239 kt (8%)Belgium397 kt (13%)Netherlands386 kt (12%)Germany209 kt (7%)Italy206 kt (6%)Estonia182 kt (6%)France162 kt (5%)Sweden133 kt (4%)Lithuania116 kt (4%)Poland84 kt (3%)Other EU member states234 kt (7%)Origin not reported22 kt (<1%)Netherlands1.66 Mt (52%)Spain515 kt (16%)Belgium336 kt (11%)Malta144 kt (5%)Greece91 kt (3%)Denmark76 kt (2%)Italy73 kt (2%)France67 kt (2%)Germany65 kt (2%)Cyprus47 kt (1%)Ireland27 kt (<1%)Sweden21 kt (<1%)Estonia19 kt (<1%)Finland16 kt (<1%)Bulgaria4.2 kt (<1%)Lithuania1.2 kt (<1%)Croatia1.1 kt (<1%)Austria0.2 kt (<1%)Latvia0.1 kt (<1%)
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Where the oil was produced
- United Kingdom582 kt (18%)
- Gibraltar133 kt (4%)
- Mexico81 kt (3%)
- Other origins outside the EU239 kt (8%)
- Belgium397 kt (13%)
- Netherlands386 kt (12%)
- Germany209 kt (7%)
- Italy206 kt (6%)
- Estonia182 kt (6%)
- France162 kt (5%)
- Sweden133 kt (4%)
- Lithuania116 kt (4%)
- Poland84 kt (3%)
- Other EU member states234 kt (7%)
- Origin not reported22 kt (<1%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 511,055 | 30.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 328,814 | 19.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 218,700 | 65.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Estonia | Netherlands | 180,699 | 10.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Spain | 149,118 | 29.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 142,667 | 8.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Gibraltar | Spain | 133,250 | 25.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Lithuania | Netherlands | 115,920 | 7.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 103,733 | 6.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Poland | Netherlands | 84,118 | 5.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Mexico | Netherlands | 81,027 | 4.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Netherlands | 75,399 | 4.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Malta | 66,712 | 46.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Belgium | 58,800 | 17.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Greece | 58,093 | 63.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Malta | 56,414 | 39.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Belgium | 53,500 | 15.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| France | Spain | 47,220 | 9.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 46,942 | 9.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Spain | 45,760 | 8.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Spain | 43,862 | 8.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Denmark | 43,000 | 56.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Cyprus | 41,856 | 89.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Netherlands | 37,761 | 2.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Germany | 36,736 | 56.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Italy | 33,071 | 45.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Denmark | 33,000 | 43.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 33,000 | 49.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| France | Greece | 32,930 | 36.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Italy | 27,057 | 36.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Malta | 21,165 | 14.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | France | 20,000 | 29.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Spain | 18,195 | 3.5% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Germany | Spain | 17,959 | 3.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Finland | 16,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Ireland | 15,457 | 57.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 14,696 | 22.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Italy | 13,275 | 18.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | Estonia | 13,000 | 68.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 11,921 | 18.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Ireland | 11,596 | 42.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Sweden | 8,682 | 42.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Spain | 7,369 | 1.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | France | 7,000 | 10.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Estonia | 6,000 | 31.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| France | Sweden | 5,982 | 29.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Sweden | 5,855 | 28.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | Spain | 5,024 | 1.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Cyprus | 5,016 | 10.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Belgium | 4,500 | 1.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Bulgaria | 4,093 | 98.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Origin not reported | France | 4,000 | 6.0% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Netherlands | France | 2,000 | 3.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 1,969 | 3.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Croatia | 1,145 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | France | 1,000 | 1.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Estonia | Lithuania | 1,000 | 83.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Lithuania | 200 | 16.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Austria | 154 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Bulgaria | 78 | 1.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Lithuania | Latvia | 77 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
Source & method
Source Period 2024-10 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-10 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the fuel oil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-10, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-10 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Czechia, Hungary, Luxembourg, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.