Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In February 2025, 26 of 27 EU member states reported importing 3,564 kt of fuel oil; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (8%) and Gibraltar (5%), and 77% came from other EU member states, with 1% not attributed to any country.
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Where the oil was produced
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (33) | Netherlands | 995,145 | 47.5% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (33) | Spain | 336,407 | 68.5% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Estonia | Netherlands | 330,725 | 15.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 294,312 | 14.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 261,058 | 12.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 214,563 | 10.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 207,200 | 77.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (33) | Other EU (9) | 133,399 | — | Summed by usSum of 8 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (33) | Greece | 130,287 | 94.7% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (33) | Cyprus | 94,641 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (33) | Malta | 69,199 | 68.2% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Sweden | Spain | 67,791 | 13.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (33) | Germany | 66,322 | 69.0% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United Kingdom | Denmark | 43,000 | 42.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 39,604 | 8.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (33) | Belgium | 33,100 | 12.4% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Sweden | Denmark | 33,000 | 32.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Malta | 32,193 | 31.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (9) | 27,196 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Origin not reported | Spain | 24,623 | 5.0% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| United Kingdom | Spain | 22,794 | 4.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 20,769 | 21.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Other EU (9) | 19,000 | 23.5% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Germany | Denmark | 14,000 | 13.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Belgium | 11,700 | 4.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Belgium | 10,100 | 3.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Denmark | 10,000 | 9.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 8,992 | 9.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Greece | 7,319 | 5.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 4,800 | 1.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Denmark | 1,000 | 1.0% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-02 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the fuel oil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-02, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-02 (requested; 26 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Austria, Czechia, Hungary, Ireland, Latvia, Luxembourg, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.