Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In June 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 2,892 kt of fuel oil; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (10%), the United States (7%) and Gibraltar (6%), and 65% came from other EU member states, with 1% not attributed to any country.
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Where the oil was produced
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belgium | Netherlands | 433,554 | 31.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (29) | Netherlands | 431,814 | 31.3% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (29) | Spain | 312,404 | 58.6% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 225,601 | 16.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 168,502 | 12.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (29) | Other EU (12) | 158,516 | — | Summed by usSum of 10 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 155,100 | 60.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Netherlands | 121,766 | 8.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (29) | Malta | 77,864 | 70.4% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Spain | 71,621 | 13.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (29) | France | 71,000 | 56.3% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (29) | Italy | 66,294 | 89.0% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (29) | Germany | 61,679 | 73.7% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Spain | 55,889 | 10.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Spain | 55,099 | 10.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 50,200 | 19.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 48,000 | 38.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Denmark | 44,000 | 42.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (29) | Belgium | 32,300 | 12.6% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Other EU (12) | 32,213 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Other EU (12) | 31,645 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (29) | Denmark | 31,000 | 30.1% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Malta | 21,974 | 19.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Spain | 21,214 | 4.0% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Germany | Denmark | 20,000 | 19.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Belgium | 18,700 | 7.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Spain | 16,977 | 3.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 13,683 | 16.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Malta | 10,756 | 9.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 8,325 | 9.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Italy | 8,180 | 11.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Denmark | 8,000 | 7.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 7,000 | 5.6% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Germany | Other EU (12) | 1,041 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-06 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the fuel oil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-06, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-06 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Romania, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.