Fuel Origin

Flows

How oil reaches each country

Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.

In July 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 3,243 kt of fuel oil; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (6%) and Mexico (5%), and 70% came from other EU member states, with 1% not attributed to any country.

Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
OilCrude oilRoad dieselPetrolJet fuelHeating and other gasoilFuel oilNaphthaLPG
Month
Jul 2025
Latest month all EU members reported
2026
2025
2024
2023
Origins named891011121314151617181920

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Where the oil was produced

  • Reported (solid)
  • Summed by us (dotted)
  • Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
Reported imports, largest first
FromToTonnesShareHow we know
BelgiumNetherlands503,42232.3%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
SwedenNetherlands222,64414.3%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
United KingdomNetherlands184,60111.8%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
NetherlandsBelgium175,30066.8%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
MexicoNetherlands170,30010.9%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
GermanyNetherlands156,30210.0%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
GibraltarSpain127,51728.4%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesNetherlands111,1867.1%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
PolandNetherlands87,7295.6%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
SpainCyprus85,38798.1%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesGreece83,41252.2%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
GermanyBelgium79,70030.4%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins outside the EUGermany79,08652.3%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
GabonNetherlands72,3234.6%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
SwedenSpain67,88115.1%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
ItalySpain67,84115.1%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
BelgiumFrance63,00057.8%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
NetherlandsSpain55,31112.3%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
NetherlandsDenmark53,00039.3%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
TürkiyeNetherlands51,5703.3%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins outside the EUSpain50,11111.2%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other EU member statesDenmark49,00036.3%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other EU member statesEstonia45,000100.0%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other origins outside the EUFrance35,00032.1%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
GermanySweden34,98746.3%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins outside the EUMalta33,77636.2%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
ItalyGreece32,99120.6%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
TürkiyeItaly32,90052.6%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
GermanySpain28,4676.3%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins outside the EUGreece27,55517.2%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
NetherlandsSweden25,49533.7%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesGermany23,04815.2%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Origin not reportedSpain22,8115.1%Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners.
GabonGermany18,98912.5%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins outside the EUItaly17,70028.3%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
NetherlandsFinland17,00051.5%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
TürkiyeSpain16,8893.8%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesMalta16,51917.7%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
SpainMalta16,51017.7%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
BelgiumFinland16,00048.5%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
GermanyDenmark16,00011.9%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
NetherlandsGreece15,97210.0%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
BelgiumDenmark15,00011.1%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
BelgiumGermany14,8829.8%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
NetherlandsGermany13,2998.8%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
United KingdomMalta12,90813.8%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesSpain11,6362.6%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other EU member statesSlovakia9,976100.0%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
BelgiumSweden7,97710.6%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
SpainItaly7,90012.6%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
ItalyMalta7,5428.1%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesSweden7,1069.4%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other origins outside the EUBelgium6,2002.4%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
NetherlandsFrance6,0005.5%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
SpainPortugal4,299100.0%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesItaly4,0006.4%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Origin not reportedFrance4,0003.7%Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners.
NetherlandsMalta3,3483.6%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesBulgaria3,06488.7%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
TürkiyeMalta2,6562.8%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesPoland2,091100.0%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
SwedenGermany2,0321.3%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
SwedenDenmark2,0001.5%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesCyprus1,6341.9%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other EU member statesBelgium1,1000.4%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
SpainFrance1,0000.9%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins outside the EUBulgaria39011.3%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other EU member statesHungary100100.0%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other EU member statesLithuania100100.0%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
GermanyAustria79100.0%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)

One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.

Source & method
Source
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Period 2025-07 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV

Left: where the fuel oil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-07, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).

Month: 2025-07 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).

Not in the diagram: Croatia, Czechia, Ireland, Latvia, Luxembourg, Romania, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.

  • Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
  • Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
  • A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.