Fuel Origin

Flows

How oil reaches each country

Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.

In January 2026, all 27 EU member states reported importing 3,370 kt of fuel oil; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (8%), and 72% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.

Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
OilCrude oilRoad dieselPetrolJet fuelHeating and other gasoilFuel oilNaphthaLPG
Month
Jan 2026
Latest month all EU members reported
2026
2025
2024
2023
Origins named891011121314151617181920

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Where the oil was produced

  • Reported (solid)
  • Summed by us (dotted)
  • Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
Reported imports, largest first
FromToTonnesShareHow we know
NetherlandsBelgium304,50090.0%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
BelgiumNetherlands255,55113.2%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
GreeceNetherlands243,19312.5%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesNetherlands239,59412.3%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
United KingdomNetherlands199,46110.3%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
PolandNetherlands172,2338.9%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
GermanyNetherlands156,7698.1%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
GibraltarSpain144,67234.6%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
NigeriaNetherlands140,3067.2%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
LithuaniaNetherlands136,9977.1%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
IrelandNetherlands127,5346.6%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins outside the EUNetherlands114,0175.9%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
ItalySpain110,49326.4%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
SwedenNetherlands102,9655.3%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins outside the EUFrance86,00080.4%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other EU member statesSpain62,06514.9%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other origins outside the EUCyprus61,78657.8%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
NetherlandsGermany57,79251.0%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
ItalyNetherlands52,8082.7%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesCyprus43,44240.7%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other origins outside the EUItaly36,39952.2%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other origins outside the EUSweden35,46675.9%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other EU member statesMalta34,58954.2%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other EU member statesItaly33,38547.8%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
SwedenSpain32,9567.9%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
NetherlandsSpain32,6737.8%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
NetherlandsDenmark31,40332.4%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
United KingdomBelgium31,3009.2%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesDenmark31,29532.3%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other EU member statesGermany31,13127.5%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other EU member statesGreece29,964100.0%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other EU member statesPoland25,349100.0%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other origins outside the EUGermany21,21918.7%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other origins outside the EUMalta19,45630.5%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other origins outside the EUSpain17,4914.2%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
United KingdomDenmark14,60715.1%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
GermanyDenmark13,69614.1%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
United KingdomSpain9,9562.4%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesSweden8,01517.2%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
GermanySpain7,5011.8%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesFrance6,0005.6%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other origins outside the EUDenmark5,9246.1%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
BelgiumMalta5,2968.3%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
SwedenFrance5,0004.7%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Origin not reportedFrance5,0004.7%Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners.
GermanyHungary4,70061.0%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
ItalyMalta4,5157.1%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
GermanySweden3,2507.0%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
BelgiumGermany3,1432.8%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesHungary3,00039.0%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
GermanyBelgium2,7000.8%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
NigeriaFrance2,0001.9%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
NetherlandsFrance2,0001.9%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins outside the EUEstonia2,000100.0%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other EU member statesCzechia2,000100.0%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
GreeceCyprus1,5811.5%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
BelgiumFrance1,0000.9%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
PolandLatvia43790.3%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesLithuania400100.0%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other EU member statesLatvia479.7%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.

One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.

Source & method
Source
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Period 2026-01 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV

Left: where the fuel oil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2026-01, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).

Month: 2026-01 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).

Not in the diagram: Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Finland, Ireland, Luxembourg, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.

  • Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
  • Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
  • A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.