Fuel Origin

Flows

How oil reaches each country

Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.

In February 2026, all 27 EU member states reported importing 3,099 kt of fuel oil; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (7%) and Gibraltar (6%), and 71% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.

Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
OilCrude oilRoad dieselPetrolJet fuelHeating and other gasoilFuel oilNaphthaLPG
Month
Feb 2026
Latest month all EU members reported
2026
2025
2024
2023
Origins named891011121314151617181920

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Where the oil was produced

  • Reported (solid)
  • Summed by us (dotted)
  • Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
Reported imports, largest first
FromToTonnesShareHow we know
BelgiumNetherlands313,58218.5%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
NetherlandsBelgium285,70088.4%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins outside the EUNetherlands218,88312.9%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
FranceNetherlands185,71710.9%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
GermanyNetherlands177,28410.4%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
United KingdomNetherlands172,76210.2%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
GibraltarSpain157,58433.6%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
MaltaNetherlands141,8868.4%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
LithuaniaNetherlands118,9417.0%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
DenmarkNetherlands112,2286.6%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
EstoniaNetherlands104,5766.2%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
SwedenNetherlands102,7076.0%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins outside the EUSpain87,78818.7%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
ItalySpain72,17815.4%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
ItalyCyprus67,29092.1%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
NetherlandsSpain58,20412.4%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins outside the EUGreece54,38942.6%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
NetherlandsMalta50,65355.0%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins outside the EUGermany49,51548.1%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other origins outside the EUMalta35,87138.9%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
FranceSpain35,7377.6%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesNetherlands34,9902.1%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
GibraltarGreece34,47027.0%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
United KingdomBelgium33,30010.3%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
SwedenSpain32,9347.0%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins outside the EUFrance31,00070.5%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other EU member statesPortugal27,877100.0%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
NetherlandsDenmark23,36041.1%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
DenmarkGermany19,78119.2%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesPoland19,242100.0%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other EU member statesItaly18,59653.9%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
United KingdomSweden15,07460.5%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
NetherlandsGreece14,38011.3%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
ItalyNetherlands14,1490.8%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesSpain13,6902.9%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
MaltaGreece13,21610.4%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesGermany13,15812.8%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
GermanyDenmark13,12123.1%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
GermanyGreece11,1008.7%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
NetherlandsGermany9,6149.3%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
DenmarkSweden9,10736.6%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
BelgiumDenmark8,27214.5%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
GermanyItaly7,97323.1%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
NetherlandsItaly7,96223.1%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
SwedenGermany7,4997.3%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins outside the EUDenmark7,13212.5%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
GermanySpain6,6451.4%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
BelgiumFrance6,00013.6%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
SwedenDenmark5,0088.8%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Origin not reportedFrance5,00011.4%Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners.
BelgiumMalta4,6625.1%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins outside the EUCyprus4,2745.8%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
GermanyBelgium4,2001.3%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
United KingdomSpain3,8500.8%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
GermanyHungary2,10063.6%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
EstoniaGermany1,9421.9%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesCyprus1,5212.1%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
BelgiumGermany1,4441.4%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesHungary1,20036.4%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
EstoniaLithuania1,000100.0%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
NetherlandsFrance1,0002.3%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesCzechia1,000100.0%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other EU member statesFrance1,0002.3%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
ItalyMalta8150.9%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
GermanySweden7272.9%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other EU member statesLatvia499100.0%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.
Other EU member statesMalta1690.2%Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins.

One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.

Source & method
Source
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Period 2026-02 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV

Left: where the fuel oil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2026-02, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).

Month: 2026-02 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).

Not in the diagram: Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Estonia, Finland, Ireland, Luxembourg, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.

  • Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
  • Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
  • A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.