Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In February 2026, all 27 EU member states reported importing 3,099 kt of fuel oil; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (7%) and Gibraltar (6%), and 71% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
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Where the oil was produced
- Colour = importing country:
- Netherlands
- Spain
- Belgium
- Greece
- Germany
- Other EU (12)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (30) | Netherlands | 692,325 | 40.8% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 313,582 | 18.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 285,700 | 88.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Netherlands | 185,717 | 10.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 177,284 | 10.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 172,762 | 10.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (30) | Other EU (12) | 164,496 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Gibraltar | Spain | 157,584 | 33.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Malta | Netherlands | 141,886 | 8.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (30) | Spain | 134,412 | 28.7% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (30) | Germany | 91,895 | 89.3% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Other EU (12) | 82,975 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Italy | Spain | 72,178 | 15.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Other EU (12) | 68,105 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Spain | 58,204 | 12.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (30) | Greece | 54,389 | 42.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| France | Spain | 35,737 | 7.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Gibraltar | Greece | 34,470 | 27.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Belgium | 33,300 | 10.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Other EU (12) | 23,921 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Other EU (12) | 18,934 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United Kingdom | Other EU (12) | 15,074 | 60.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Greece | 14,380 | 11.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Netherlands | 14,149 | 0.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Malta | Greece | 13,216 | 10.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Greece | 11,100 | 8.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 9,614 | 9.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Spain | 6,645 | 1.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Other EU (12) | 5,000 | 11.4% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Germany | Belgium | 4,200 | 1.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Spain | 3,850 | 0.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 1,444 | 1.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2026-02 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the fuel oil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2026-02, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2026-02 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Estonia, Finland, Ireland, Luxembourg, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.