Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In March 2026, all 27 EU member states reported importing 2,971 kt of fuel oil; the largest origins outside the EU were Gibraltar (8%), and 78% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
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Country it was last shipped from
- Colour = importing country:
- Netherlands
- Spain
- Belgium
- Greece
- Germany
- Other EU (13)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country last shipped from
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (36) | Netherlands | 464,025 | 28.9% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 331,408 | 20.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 260,900 | 97.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (36) | Other EU (13) | 242,208 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Gibraltar | Spain | 235,263 | 51.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 219,742 | 13.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 179,705 | 11.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| France | Netherlands | 147,782 | 9.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Estonia | Netherlands | 141,677 | 8.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Netherlands | 118,573 | 7.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (36) | Spain | 67,105 | 14.5% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Italy | Spain | 65,887 | 14.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Greece | 58,168 | 43.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (36) | Greece | 56,229 | 41.9% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Other EU (13) | 53,518 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (36) | Germany | 44,003 | 43.3% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Other EU (13) | 37,147 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Italy | Other EU (13) | 33,952 | 48.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Spain | 32,990 | 7.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Germany | 30,375 | 29.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 30,017 | 6.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Other EU (13) | 29,223 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| France | Spain | 22,972 | 5.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 19,984 | 19.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| France | Greece | 19,956 | 14.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Spain | 7,500 | 1.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Other EU (13) | 6,324 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Germany | 5,177 | 5.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 4,200 | 1.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Estonia | Germany | 2,100 | 2.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (36) | Belgium | 1,700 | 0.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | Other EU (13) | 1,386 | 2.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Estonia | Other EU (13) | 200 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2026-03 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined.
Left: the country the fuel oil was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2026-03, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2026-03 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czechia, Luxembourg, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): for refined products, the country the fuel was last shipped from, as each EU member state reports it; it may be a trading hub rather than where the fuel was refined. The customs basis is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states may be fuel refined there or fuel only shipped on from elsewhere; they are grouped separately.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.