Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In May 2026, all 27 EU member states reported importing 3,374 kt of fuel oil; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (8%) and Gibraltar (5%), and 68% came from other EU member states, with 5% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Belgium535 kt (16%)Netherlands402 kt (12%)Estonia323 kt (10%)United Kingdom281 kt (8%)Sweden188 kt (6%)France183 kt (5%)Italy176 kt (5%)Gibraltar171 kt (5%)Other origins (34)938 kt (28%)Origin not reported178 kt (5%)Netherlands1.91 Mt (57%)Spain571 kt (17%)Belgium358 kt (11%)Malta126 kt (4%)Germany82 kt (2%)Other EU (11)325 kt (10%)
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Where the oil was produced
- Colour = importing country:
- Netherlands
- Spain
- Belgium
- Malta
- Germany
- Other EU (11)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (34) | Netherlands | 535,395 | 28.0% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 528,006 | 27.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Estonia | Netherlands | 316,929 | 16.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 288,400 | 80.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (34) | Other EU (11) | 226,169 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 223,128 | 11.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Gibraltar | Spain | 170,784 | 29.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (34) | Malta | 110,253 | 87.4% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 105,074 | 5.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Spain | 104,979 | 18.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Spain | 101,612 | 17.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 93,912 | 16.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Netherlands | 83,995 | 4.4% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Italy | Netherlands | 60,037 | 3.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Netherlands | 58,911 | 3.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Other EU (11) | 53,000 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (34) | Germany | 50,525 | 61.7% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United Kingdom | Belgium | 45,500 | 12.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Spain | 40,980 | 7.2% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Sweden | Other EU (11) | 35,877 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Sweden | Spain | 32,998 | 5.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Belgium | 22,400 | 6.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (34) | Spain | 13,842 | 2.4% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Sweden | Germany | 13,614 | 16.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Spain | 12,353 | 2.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Malta | 11,198 | 8.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (11) | 8,001 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Germany | 6,585 | 8.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Estonia | Germany | 6,535 | 8.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Malta | 4,730 | 3.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 4,667 | 5.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Other EU (11) | 2,000 | 3.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (34) | Belgium | 1,600 | 0.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
Source & method
Source Period 2026-05 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2026-05 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the fuel oil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2026-05, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2026-05 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Estonia, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.