Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In November 2023, all 27 EU member states reported importing 1,550 kt of heating and other gasoil; the largest origins outside the EU were India (7%), and 66% came from other EU member states, with 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
India110 kt (7%)United Kingdom75 kt (5%)United States68 kt (4%)Qatar66 kt (4%)Norway51 kt (3%)Egypt35 kt (2%)Other origins outside the EU114 kt (7%)Netherlands266 kt (17%)Belgium230 kt (15%)Sweden156 kt (10%)Germany126 kt (8%)Spain124 kt (8%)Italy34 kt (2%)Other EU member states82 kt (5%)Origin not reported15 kt (<1%)Netherlands356 kt (23%)France287 kt (19%)Germany246 kt (16%)Finland151 kt (10%)Denmark100 kt (6%)Belgium91 kt (6%)Spain66 kt (4%)Greece62 kt (4%)Austria47 kt (3%)Malta34 kt (2%)Luxembourg21 kt (1%)Bulgaria18 kt (1%)Slovenia15 kt (<1%)Sweden15 kt (<1%)Cyprus14 kt (<1%)Ireland9.6 kt (<1%)Estonia6.0 kt (<1%)Portugal4.2 kt (<1%)Latvia4.0 kt (<1%)Slovakia3.1 kt (<1%)Lithuania0.2 kt (<1%)Croatia0.1 kt (<1%)
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Where the oil was produced
- India110 kt (7%)
- United Kingdom75 kt (5%)
- United States68 kt (4%)
- Qatar66 kt (4%)
- Norway51 kt (3%)
- Egypt35 kt (2%)
- Other origins outside the EU114 kt (7%)
- Netherlands266 kt (17%)
- Belgium230 kt (15%)
- Sweden156 kt (10%)
- Germany126 kt (8%)
- Spain124 kt (8%)
- Italy34 kt (2%)
- Other EU member states82 kt (5%)
- Origin not reported15 kt (<1%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spain | France | 120,000 | 41.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Netherlands | 109,966 | 30.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 106,419 | 43.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 89,004 | 36.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 86,530 | 24.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Finland | 83,000 | 55.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 81,300 | 89.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Denmark | 67,000 | 67.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 57,319 | 16.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 48,000 | 16.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | France | 46,000 | 16.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Qatar | Netherlands | 35,008 | 9.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Malta | 33,512 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Egypt | Greece | 32,905 | 52.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Germany | 32,884 | 13.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Denmark | 32,000 | 32.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Qatar | Finland | 30,000 | 19.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Netherlands | 29,570 | 8.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | France | 26,000 | 9.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Finland | 25,000 | 16.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 22,515 | 34.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Austria | 21,733 | 46.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Spain | 20,981 | 31.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Luxembourg | 18,349 | 85.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Bulgaria | 17,835 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | France | 16,000 | 5.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Greece | 14,852 | 23.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Austria | 14,747 | 31.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Netherlands | 14,248 | 4.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Finland | 13,000 | 8.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Slovenia | 12,000 | 80.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 12,000 | 4.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | France | 11,000 | 3.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 10,963 | 3.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Austria | 10,453 | 22.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Cyprus | 10,019 | 73.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Greece | 10,015 | 16.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Belgium | 9,900 | 10.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 9,742 | 4.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Origin not reported | Spain | 8,037 | 12.1% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| United Kingdom | Spain | 7,846 | 11.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Sweden | 7,616 | 51.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 7,603 | 2.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Ireland | 7,039 | 73.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 7,000 | 2.4% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Italy | Spain | 6,931 | 10.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Germany | 6,306 | 2.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Estonia | 6,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Norway | Sweden | 4,804 | 32.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Greece | 4,700 | 7.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 4,674 | 1.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Portugal | 4,161 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Cyprus | 3,588 | 26.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Slovakia | 3,106 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Ireland | 2,562 | 26.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 2,429 | 16.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Luxembourg | 2,379 | 11.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Latvia | 2,042 | 51.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Egypt | Slovenia | 2,000 | 13.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Latvia | 1,958 | 49.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Qatar | Germany | 1,016 | 0.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Denmark | 1,000 | 1.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovenia | 1,000 | 6.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | France | 1,000 | 0.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Luxembourg | 644 | 3.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Germany | 385 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Croatia | 134 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Lithuania | 100 | 50.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Lithuania | 100 | 50.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
4 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2023-11 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2023-11 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the heating and other gasoil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2023-11, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2023-11 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Czechia, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Romania. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.