Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In October 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 1,340 kt of heating and other gasoil; the largest origins outside the EU were Norway (6%) and the United States (5%), and 68% came from other EU member states, with 1% not attributed to any country.
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Country it was last shipped from
- Colour = importing country:
- Netherlands
- Germany
- France
- Denmark
- Finland
- Other EU (19)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country last shipped from
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (24) | Other EU (19) | 217,938 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Germany | 115,389 | 48.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Other EU (19) | 98,659 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Sweden | Finland | 90,000 | 75.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (24) | Netherlands | 84,763 | 35.4% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Germany | 81,098 | 34.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 74,724 | 31.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (19) | 55,446 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Spain | France | 54,000 | 26.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 53,000 | 25.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Denmark | 52,000 | 38.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| India | Netherlands | 50,520 | 21.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 50,000 | 24.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Norway | Denmark | 49,000 | 36.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Norway | Germany | 29,935 | 12.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United States | Netherlands | 29,559 | 12.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United States | France | 25,000 | 12.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Denmark | 18,000 | 13.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | France | 16,000 | 7.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Other EU (19) | 15,980 | 83.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (24) | Finland | 15,000 | 12.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United States | Denmark | 15,000 | 11.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Finland | 14,000 | 11.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Other EU (19) | 8,756 | 8.2% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Other origins (24) | Germany | 8,251 | 3.5% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (24) | France | 4,000 | 1.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| India | France | 4,000 | 1.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Other EU (19) | 3,296 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 2,000 | 1.0% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Norway | Other EU (19) | 1,779 | 8.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United States | Germany | 1,431 | 0.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (24) | Denmark | 1,000 | 0.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
3 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-10 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined.
Left: the country the heating and other gasoil was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-10, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-10 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Hungary, Italy, Romania. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): for refined products, the country the fuel was last shipped from, as each EU member state reports it; it may be a trading hub rather than where the fuel was refined. The customs basis is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states may be fuel refined there or fuel only shipped on from elsewhere; they are grouped separately.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.