Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In February 2025, 26 of 27 EU member states reported importing 1,216 kt of heating and other gasoil; the largest origins outside the EU were Norway (6%) and the United Kingdom (5%), and 79% came from other EU member states, with 1% not attributed to any country.
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Country it was last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country last shipped from
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (27) | Other EU (15) | 146,858 | — | Summed by usSum of 14 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 82,758 | 43.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 80,000 | 35.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 71,581 | 45.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Finland | 71,000 | 50.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 63,675 | 33.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (27) | Denmark | 55,000 | 59.8% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Germany | 51,268 | 32.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (27) | Finland | 48,000 | 33.8% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Spain | 46,996 | 35.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 45,000 | 20.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (27) | France | 43,000 | 19.3% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (27) | Spain | 39,693 | 30.4% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (27) | Netherlands | 38,341 | 20.1% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Italy | Spain | 36,360 | 27.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Denmark | 36,000 | 39.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (27) | Germany | 35,747 | 22.5% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Italy | France | 30,000 | 13.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 25,200 | 49.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Other EU (15) | 24,000 | 70.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Finland | 23,000 | 16.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (27) | Belgium | 20,900 | 41.0% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Austria | 16,421 | 45.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Other EU (15) | 15,737 | 84.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | France | 15,000 | 6.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (27) | Austria | 11,278 | 31.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | France | 10,000 | 4.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Austria | 8,105 | 22.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Spain | 7,681 | 5.9% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 6,163 | 3.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 4,900 | 9.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (15) | 3,193 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Other EU (15) | 2,095 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Denmark | 1,000 | 1.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-02 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined.
Left: the country the heating and other gasoil was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-02, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-02 (requested; 26 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Croatia, Hungary, Italy, Romania. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): for refined products, the country the fuel was last shipped from, as each EU member state reports it; it may be a trading hub rather than where the fuel was refined. The customs basis is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states may be fuel refined there or fuel only shipped on from elsewhere; they are grouped separately.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.