Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In February 2025, 26 of 27 EU member states reported importing 1,216 kt of heating and other gasoil; the largest origins outside the EU were Norway (6%) and the United Kingdom (5%), and 79% came from other EU member states, with 1% not attributed to any country.
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Where the oil was produced
- Colour = importing country:
- France
- Netherlands
- Germany
- Finland
- Spain
- Other EU (18)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (24) | Other EU (18) | 122,982 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 82,758 | 43.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 80,000 | 35.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 71,581 | 45.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Finland | 71,000 | 50.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 63,675 | 33.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Other EU (18) | 51,877 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Germany | 51,268 | 32.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (24) | Finland | 48,000 | 33.8% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Spain | 46,996 | 35.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 45,000 | 20.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Other EU (18) | 38,635 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (24) | Netherlands | 36,385 | 19.1% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Italy | Spain | 36,360 | 27.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Other EU (18) | 36,000 | 39.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Other EU (18) | 32,105 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Norway | Germany | 30,980 | 19.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | France | 30,000 | 13.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (18) | 28,393 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (24) | France | 27,000 | 12.1% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United Kingdom | Spain | 26,487 | 20.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Other EU (18) | 24,416 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Finland | 23,000 | 16.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Other EU (18) | 20,542 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | France | 16,000 | 7.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Other EU (18) | 15,737 | 84.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | France | 15,000 | 6.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (24) | Spain | 13,206 | 10.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | France | 10,000 | 4.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Spain | 7,681 | 5.9% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 6,163 | 3.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (24) | Germany | 2,162 | 1.4% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| France | Germany | 1,605 | 1.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Netherlands | 1,535 | 0.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 1,000 | 0.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Netherlands | 421 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-02 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the heating and other gasoil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-02, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-02 (requested; 26 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Croatia, Hungary, Italy, Romania. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.